Библейское слово «γάρ» в греческих словарях

γάρ (ᾰ, Hom. in_arsi тж. ᾱ) (частица со значением логического подчёркивания; ставится всегда после слова, к которому относится)

1) (для обоснования или пояснения) ведь, так как, ибо, же: ἔμπειρος γάρ εἰμι τῆς χώρας Xen. поскольку я знаком со страной; σὺ γὰρ τούτων ἐπιστήμων Plat. ты ведь знаешь толк в этом; οὐ γάρ που φήσομεν Plat. не утверждаем же мы;

2) (для усиления противительного союза) да, же, -то: ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γὰρ δύναμαι Plat. да не могу же я;

3) (для пояснения или развития предыдущей мысли) а именно: τεκμήριον δέ μοι τούτου τόδε αἱ μὲν γὰρ …, αἱ δὲ … Her. свидетельством этого служит, по-моему, следующее: а именно, одни (обряды) …, другие же …;

4) (для подтверждения предыдущего) дело в том что, действительно, в самом деле: καὶ γὰρ ἦσαν αἱ Ἰωνικαὶ πόλεις Τισσαφέρνους τὸ ἀρχαῖον Xen. и действительно, ионические города некогда принадлежали Тиссаферну;

5) (в вопросах) разве?, неужели?: δοκῶ γάρ σοι παίζειν; Plut. так я, по-твоему, шучу?; ὄλωλε γάρ; Soph. неужели он погиб?; ἦ γάρ; или οὐ γάρ; Trag. etc. разве нет?, не так ли?, не правда ли?;

6) (в ответах) да, конечно, ещё бы: ἀκήκοα γάρ Plat. ну да, я слышал; οὐκοῦν ἀνάγκη ἐστὶ; — Ἀνάγκη γὰρ οῦν Xen. разве это не необходимо? — Конечно, необходимо; ἔστι γὰρ οὕτω Plat. да, именно так;

7) (для усиления вопроса) же, в самом деле: τίς γάρ; Plat. кто же (именно)?; πῶς γάρ; Plat. как же так?; πῶς γὰρ οὔ; Plat. как же иначе?, а как же?; οὐ γὰρ μέμνημαι; Xen. как же мне не помнить?;

8) (в восклицаниях, выражающих желание) да, пусть бы: εἰ (или εἴθε — эп. αἲ) γάρ! о, если бы или ах, пусть бы!; κακῶς γὰρ ἐξόλοιο! Eur. да пропади ты пропадом!; εἰ γὰρ ἐν τούτῳ εἴη! Plat. да если бы дело стало лишь за этим!

γάρ,
co-ordinating particle, contr. of γε ἄρα,
verily then, hence, in truth, indeed, yea, then, why, and when giving a reason or explanation, for, the usage in NT being in general accord with that of cl.;
1. explicative and epexegetic: Mat.4:18; 19:12, Mrk.1:16; 5:42; 16:4, Luk.11:3o, Rom.7:1, 1Co.16:5, al.
2. Conclusive, in questions, answers and exclamations: Mat.9:5; 27:23, Luk.9:25; 22:27, Jhn.9:30, Act.8:31; 16:37; 19:35, Rom.15:26, 1Co.9:10, Php.1:18 (Ellic., in l.), 1Th.2:20, al.
3. Causal: Mat.1:21 2:2, 5, 6, 3:23, Mrk.1:22; 9:6, Luk.1:15, 18, Jhn.2:25, Act.2:25, Rom.1:9, 11, 1Co.11:5, Rev.1:3, al.; giving the reason for a command or prohibition, Mat.2:20; 3:9, Rom.13:11, Col.3:3, 1Th.4:3, al.; where the cause is contained in an interrog. statement, Luk.22:27, Rom.3:3; 4:3, 1Co.10:29; καὶ γάρ, for also, Mrk.10:45, Luk.6:32, 1Co.5:7, al. id. as in cl. = etenim, where the καί loses its connective force (Bl., §78, 6; Kühner 3, ii, 854f.), Mrk.14:70, Luk.1:66; 22:37, 2Co.13:4. The proper place of γάρ is after the first word in a clause, but in poets it often comes third or fourth, and so in late prose: 2Co.1:19 Yet "not the number but the nature of the word after which it stands is the point to be noticed" (see Thayer, see word).
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

γάρ
(γε, ἄρα), causal conjunction, used alone or with other Particles.
I introducing the reason or cause of what precedes, for, τῷ γὰρ ἐπὶ φρεσὶ θῆκε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη· κήδετο γ. Δαναῶν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; but frequently in explanation of that which is implied in the preceding clause, πολλάων πολίων κατέλυσε κάρηνα.. τοῦ γὰρ κράτος ἐστὶ μέγιστον [Refs]
I.b in simple explanations, especially after a Pronoun or demonstrative adjective, ἀλλὰ τόδ᾽ αἰνὸν ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἱκάνει· Ἕκτωρ γ. ποτε φήσει [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὃ δὲ δεινότατον.. ὁ Ζεὺς γ... [Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently in introducing proofs or examples, μαρτύριον δέ· Δήλου γ. καθαιρομένης.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τεκμήριον δέ· οὔτε γ. Λακεδαιμόνιοι.. [Refs 4th c.BC+]; in full, τεκμήριον δὲ τούτου τόδε· αἱ μὲν γ... [Refs 5th c.BC+]; παράδειγμα τόδε τοῦ λόγου· ἐκ γ... [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.c to introduce a detailed description or narration already alluded to, ὅμως δὲ λεκτέα ἃ γιγνώσκω· ἔχει γ. [ἡ χώρα] πεδία κάλλιστα.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.d in answers to questions or statements challenging assent or denial, yes,.., no,.. , οὔκουν.. ἀνάγκη ἐστ;—ἀνάγκη γ. οὖν, ἔφη, ay doubtless it is necessary, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἱκανὸς γ., ἔφη, συμβαίνει γ., ἔφη, [Refs]; οὔκουν δὴ τό γ᾽ εἰκός.—οὐ γ.: [Refs]
I.2 by inversion, preceding the fact explained, since, as, Ἀτρεΐδη, πολλοὶ γ. τεθνᾶσιν Ἀχαιοί.. τῷ σε χρὴ πόλεμον παῦσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; χρόνου δὲ οὐ πολλοῦ διελθόντος (χρῆν γ. Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κακῶς) ἔλεγε πρὸς τὸν Γύγην τοιάδε, Γύγη, οὐ γ. σε δοκέω πείθεσθαι.. (ὦτα γ. τυγχάνει κτλ.), ποίει ὅκως.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; εἶεν, σὺ γ. τούτων ἐπιστήμων, τί χρὴ ποιεῖ; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; the principal proposition is sometimes
I.2.b blended with the causal one, τῇ δὲ κακῶς γ. ἔδεε γενέσθαι εἶπε, i.e. ἡ δέ (κακῶς γ. οἱ ἔδεε γενέσθαι) εἶπε [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2.c attached to the hypothet. Particle instead of being joined to the apodosis, οὐδ᾽ εἰ γ. ἦν τὸ πρᾶγμα μὴ θεήλατον, ἀκάθαρτον ὑμᾶς εἰκὸς ἦν οὕτως ἐᾶν, i.e. οὐδὲ γ. εἰ ἦν.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2.d repeated, οὐ γ. οὖν σιγήσομαι· ἔτικτε γ... [Refs]
I.3 in elliptical phrases, where that of which γάρ gives the reason is omitted, and must be supplied,
I.3.a frequently in Trag. dialogue and [Refs 5th c.BC+], when yes or no may be supplied from the context, καὶ δῆτ᾽ ἐτόλμας τούσδ᾽ ὑπερβαίνειν νόμου;—οὐ γ. τί μοι Ζεὺς ἦν ὁ κηρύξας τάδε [yes], for it was not Zeus, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently in phrase ἔστι γ. οὕτω [yes], for so it is, i. e. yes certainly: λέγεταί τι καινό; γένοιτο γ. ἄν τι καινότερον ἢ..; [why,] could there be.. ? [Refs 5th c.BC+] [do so], yet shall ye never prevail by this means: for ἀλλὰ γ., see below[Refs]
I.3.b to confirm or strengthen something said, οἵδ᾽ οὐκέτ᾽ εἰσί· τοῦτο γάρ σε δήξεται [I say this], for it will sting thee, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: after an Exclamation, ὦ πόποι· ἀνάριθμα γ. φέρω πήματα [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.3.c in conditional propositions, where the condition is omitted, else, οὐ γ. ἄν με ἔπεμπον πάλιν (i.e. εἰ μὴ ἐπίστευον) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; γίνεται γ. ἡ κοινωνία συμμαχία for in that case, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
I.4 in abrupt questions, why, what, τίς γ. σε θεῶν ἐμοὶ ἄγγελον ἧκε; why who hath sent thee? [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πατροκτονοῦσα γ. ξυνοικήσεις ἐμο; what, wilt thou.. ? [Refs 4th c.BC+]..; what, was it.. ? [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τί γ.; quid enim? i. e. it must be so, [Refs]; τί γ. δή ποτ; [Refs 4th c.BC+]; also πῶς γ.; πῶς γ. ο;, see at πῶς.
I.5 to strengthen a wish, with optative, κακῶς γ. ἐξόλοιο O that you might perish ! [Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare αἴ, εἰ, εἴθε, πῶς.
II joined with other Particles:
II.1 ἀλλὰ γ. where γάρ gives the reason of a clause to be supplied between ἀλλά and itself, as ἀλλ᾽ ἐν γὰρ Τρώων πεδίῳ.. but [far otherwise], for.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἥκουσ᾽ αἵδ᾽ ἐπὶ πρᾶγος πικρόν but [hush], for.., [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γ. σ᾽ ἐθέλω.. but [look out] for.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.2 γ. ἄρα for indeed, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3 γ. δή for of course, for you know, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; φάμεν γ. δή yes certainly we say so, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.4 γ. νυ [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.5 γ. οὖν for indeed, to confirm or explain, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; φησὶ γ. οὖν yes of course he says so, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare τοιγαροῦν.
II.6 γ. που for I suppose, especially with negatives, [Refs]
II.7 γ. ῥα, =γὰρ ἄρα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.8 γ. τε, [Refs]; also τε γ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.9 γ. τοι for surely.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]; compare τοιγάρτοι.
B POSITION: γάρ properly stands after the first word in a clause, but in Pocts it frequently stands third or fourth, when the preceding words are closely connected, as ὁ μὲν γὰρ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χἠ ναῦς γὰρ.. [Refs]; τό τ᾽ εἰκαθεῖν γὰρ.. [Refs]; τὸ μὴ θέμις γὰρ.. [Refs 4th c.BC+]: sometimes for metrical reasons, where there is no such connexion, as third [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in later Comedy texts fifth [Refs 4th c.BC+]; once sixth in [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.2 inserted before the demonstrative -ί, as νυνγαρί for νυνὶ γά; compare νυνί.
C QUANTITY: γάρ is sometimes long in [Refs 8th c.BC+].—In Attic dialect always short: [Refs 5th c.BC+] Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0