διά,
poetry διαί (
Aeolic dialect ζά, which see),
preposition governing
genitive and
accusative — Rad. sense, through; never
anastrophic [Prop. δῐᾰ: but [
Refs 8th c.BC+] uses ῑ at the beginning of a line, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: also ᾱ, for the sake of meter, frequently in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] uses
διαί in Lyric poetry, [
Refs]
A WITH GEN.
A.I of Place or Space:
A.I.1 of motion
in a line, from one end to the other,
right through, in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] frequently of the effect of weapons, διὰ μὲν ἀσπίδος ἦλθε.. ἔγχος καὶ διὰ θώρηκος.. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
out through the Scaean gate, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἠέρος αἰθέρ᾽ ἵκανεν
quite through the lower air even to the ether, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; διὰ Τρώων πέτετο
straight through them,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]: also in Compos. with πρό and ἐκ, see at διαπρό,διέκ: in adverbial phrases, διὰ πασῶν (i.e. χορδῶν), see at διαπασῶν:from beginning to end,_ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
continually, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ὀλίγου
for a short time, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.2 of the interval which has passed
between two points of Time, δ. χρόνου πολλοῦ or δ. πολλοῦ χρ.
after a long time, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
adjective, δ. χρόνου
after a time, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἡμερῶν
after several days, [
NT]; and with
adjectives alone, δι᾽ ὀλίγου [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
till the seventh day, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+] time
after time, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.3 of successive Intervals, δ. τρίτης ἡμέρης every other day, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. πεντετηρίδος every four years (with inclusive reckoning), [
Refs]; δι᾽ ἔτους πέμπτου, of the Olympic games, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
in the course of the eleventh year, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III causal,
through, by, A.III.a of the Agent, δι᾽ ἀλλέλων or -ου ἐπικηρυκεύεσθαι, ποιεῖσθαι,
by the mouth of.., [
NT+5th c.BC+]; πεσόντ᾽ ἀλλοτρίας διαὶ γυναικός
by her
doing, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἑαυτοῦ ποιεῖν τι
of oneself, not by another's agency, [
Refs], etc.; but also,
by oneself alone, unassisted, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.III.b of the Instrument or Means, δ. χειρῶν
by hand (properly
by holding between the hands), δι᾽ ὁσίων χ. θιγών [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also δ. χερῶν λαβεῖν, δ. χειρὸς ἔχειν
in the hand, [
Refs] to keep a
firm hand on, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. λόγων συγγίγνεσθαι to hold intercourse
by word, [
NT+5th c.BC+]
A.III.c of Manner (where διά with its Noun frequently serves as an
adverb), δ. μέθης ποιήσασθαι τὴν συνουσίαν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; παίω δι᾽ ὀργῆς
through passion,
in passion, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. τάχους, =ταχέως, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. σπουδῆς
in haste, hastily, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ αἰδοῦς
with reverence, respectfully, [
Refs]; δ. ψευδῶν ἔπη lying words, [
Refs]; αἱ δ. καρτερίας ἐπιμέλειαι
long-continued exertions, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἀκριβείας, δ. πάσης ἀκρ., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III.2 in later Prose, of Material
out of which a thing is made, κατασκευάζειν εἴδωλα δι᾽ ἐλέφαντος καὶ χρυσοῦ [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
A.IV διά τινος ἔχειν, εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, to express conditions or states, ἀγὼν διὰ πάσης ἀγωνίης ἔχων extending
through every kind of contest, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ὄχλου εἶναι to be trouble
some, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.IV.b with Verbs of motion, δ. μάχης ἐλεύσονται will engage
in battle, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. παντὸς πολέμου, δ. φιλίας ἰέναι τινί, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. δίκης ἰέναι τινί go
to law with.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐμαυτῷ δ. λόγων ἀφικόμην I held converse with myself, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. λόγων, δ. γλώσσης ἰέναι come
to open speech, [
Refs]; δ. φιλημάτων ἰέναι come
to kissing, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. πυρὸς ἰέναι (see. πῦρ): in
passive sense, δι᾽ ἀπεχθείας ἐλθεῖν τινι to be
hated by.., [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.IV.c with
transitive Verbs, δι᾽ αἰτίας ἔχειν or ἄγειν τινά hold
in fault, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ οἴκτου ἔχειν τινά, δι᾽ αἰσχύνης ἔχειν τι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B WITH Acc.
B.I of Place, only poetical, in same sense as διά with
genitive:
B.I.1 through, ἓξ δὲ δ. πτύχας ἦλθε.. χαλκός [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δ. τάφρον ἐλαύνειν
across it,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.I.2 through, among, in, οἴκεον δι᾽ ἄκριας [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
through his mouth,[
Refs 8th c.BC+]
B.II of Time, also poetical, δ. νύκτα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δ. γλυκὺν ὕπνον
during sweet sleep, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
B.III causal:
B.III.1 of persons,
thanks to, by aid of, νικῆσαι δ... Ἀθήνην [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δ. σε
by thy
fault or
service, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: in Prose,
by reason of, on account of, δ᾽ ἡμᾶς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so εἰ μὴ διά τινα if it had not been
for.., εἰ μὴ δι᾽ ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.III.2 of things, to express the Cause, Occasion, or Purpose, δι᾽ ἐμὴν ἰότητα
because of my will, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἀφραδίας
for, through want of thought,[
Refs]; δι᾽ ἔνδειαν
by reason of poverty, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. καῦμα, δ. χειμῶνα,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently also with
neuter adjectives, δ. τ;
wherefore?; δ. τοῦτο, δ. ταῦτα
on this
account; δι᾽ ὅ, δι᾽ ἅ
on which
account; δ. πολλά
for many
reasons, etc.
B.III.3 =ἕνεκα, to express Purpose, δἰ ἀχθηδόνα
for the sake of vexing, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. τὴν τούτου σαφήνειαν
with a view to clearing this up, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτή δι᾽ αὑτήν
for its own
sake, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C WITHOUT CASE as
adverb throughout, δ. πρό (see. supr. A.I.I); δ. δ᾽ ἀμπερές [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
D IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
D.I through, right through, of Space, διαβαίνω, διέχω, διιππεύω.
D.II in different directions, as in διαπέμπω, διαφορέ; of separation,
asunder, διαιρέω, διαλύ; of difference or disagreement,
at variance, διαφωνέω, διαφέρ; or simply mutual relation,
one with another, διαγωνίζομαι, διάδω, διαθέω, διαπίνω, διαφιλοτιμέομαι.
D.III pre-eminence, διαπρέπω, διαφέρω.
D.IV completion,
to the end, utterly, διεργάζομαι, διαμάχομαι, διαπράττω, διαφθείρω: of Time, διαβιόω.
D.V to add strength,
thoroughly, out and out, διαγαληνίζω, etc.; compare ζά.
D.VI of mixture,
between, partly, especially in
adjective, as διάλευκος, διάχρυσος, διάχλωρος, etc.
D.VII of leaving an
interval or
breach, διαλείπω, διαναπαύω. (Cogn. with δύο, δίς.)
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
