πῶς,
Ionic dialect κῶς,
interrogative adverb of Manner,
how? [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; sometimes to express displeasure, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; to express astonishment or doubt, π. εἶπα; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. λέγει; [
Refs]; π. φῄ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τοῦτ᾽ ἔλεξα; [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τοῦτ᾽ εἶπες α; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also π. μὴ φῶμεν..; surely we must, [
Refs]
b in dialogue, to ask explanation, with a repetition of a word used by the previous speaker, δίκαια— Answ. π. δίκαι; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; μὴ δίκαιος ὤν—Answ. π. μὴ δίκαιο; [
Refs]; συμβολάς—Answ. π. συμβολά; [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; πῶς alone,
how so, π., ὅς γε..; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
2 with a second
interrogative in the same clause, π. ἐκ τίνος νεώς ποτε.. ἥκετ;
how and by what ship..? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τί τοῦτο λέγει;
how say you and what? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
3 with
genitive modi, π. ἀγῶνος ἥκομε;
how are we come off in it? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
4 with Verbs of selling,
how? at what price? π. ὁ σῖτος ὤνιο; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ δ᾽ ἄλφιθ᾽ ὑμῖν π. ἐπώλου;—Answ. τεττάρων δραχμῶν.. τὸν κόφινον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II with other Particles, π. ἂν..; π. κε (ν)..;
how possibly..? π. ἂν ἔπειτ᾽ ἀπὸ σεῖο.. λιποίμην οἶο; [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἂν γένοιτ᾽ ἂν.. ποδῶν ἔκμακτρο; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: so with
indicative, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.b in Trag., π. ἄν with
optative is frequently used to express a wish,
O how might it be? i.e.
would that it might..! π. ἂν θάνοιμ; π. ἂν ὀλοίμη; etc., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; rare in Comedy texts, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (a trace of this usage appears in [
LXX+8th c.BC+]; also with
aorist subjunctive (without ἄν), π. κοιμηθ; [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; π. μή μοι μέγας λέων ἐπιφαν; [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; with
present, π. μὴ χρῄζ; M.Ant. [prev. cited]
II.2 π. ἄρα..; in reply,
how then? π. τ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἴω..; [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.3 π. γὰρ..; also in reply, as if something had gone before, [
that cannot be],
for how can..? [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. γὰρ κάτοιδ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.4 π. δὲ..; to introduce a strong objection, π. δὲ σὺ νῦν μέμονας, κύον ἀδδεές..; [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δόξει δὲ π.; [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.5 π. δ;
how in the world? π. δὴ φῂς πολέμοιο μεθιέμε; [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also π. γὰρ δή..; [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. δῆτα..; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.6 π. καὶ..;
just how..? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δὲ καὶ..; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but καὶ π...; to introduce an objection, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; alone,
but how? impossible! [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.7 π. οὐ..;
how not so..? i.e.
surely it is so.. , π. οὐ δεινὰ εἴργασθ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.8 π. οὖν..; likeπ. ἄρα..; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἂν οὖν.. with
optative, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.9 π. ποτε..;
how ever..? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III πῶς followed by several of the abovenamed Particles is frequently used in elliptical sentences, as,
III.1 π. γά; inserted parenthesis in a negative sentence,
for how is it possible? how can or
could it be? hence in emphatic denial, κἀγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἔδρασα, τοῦτ᾽ ἐπίσταμαι, οὐδ᾽ αὖ σύ· π. γά; [
Refs]; οὐκ ἀπορῶν (π. γά;), ὅς γε.. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδ᾽ ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν καταφυγών (π. γὰρ ἄ;), ὅστις.. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. γὰρ ο;
how can it but be? i.e.
it must be so, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. γά; (i.e. ἄλλως ἔχει) is so used in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.2 π. δ;
how so? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δῆτ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δα; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.3 π. δ᾽ ο; likeπ. γὰρ οὔ; (see.[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δ᾽ οὐχ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δ᾽ οὐκ ἄν..; [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
III.4 π. οὖ;
how then?
how next? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. οὖν ἄν..; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.5 π. δοκεῖ; parenthesis, in conversation,
how think you? hence (losing all
interrogative force),= λίαν,
wonderfully, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV π. in indirect questions for ὅπως, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
V in exclamations, ὦ π. πονηρόν ἐστιν ἀνθρώπου φύσις τὸ σύνολον [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. παραχρῆμα ἐξηράνθη.. ! [
NT]; π. δυσκόλως.. ! [
NT]
Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
