Библейское слово «ἀνθ» в греческих словарях

I ἀνθ- приставка ἀντ- перед гласным с густым придыханием.

II ἀνθ- в сложн. словах = ἄνθος I.

ἀνθ᾽ перед густым придыханием = ἀντί.

ἀντι-, ἀντ- приставка со значением:

1) противоположности (ἀντιβαίνω);

2) противодействия (ἀντιλέγω);

3) враждебности (ἀντίβιος);

4) ответности, взаимности (ἀντευεργετέω);

5) замены, замещения (ἀνθύπατος);

6) равенства или подобия (ἀντίθεος, ἀντίπαις).

ἀντί (ῐ) praep. cum gen.

1) вместо (~ γάμοιο τάφον ἀμφιπονεῖσθαι Hom.; τι ~ τινος μεταλαμβάνειν Thuc.; ~ πλεύμονος βράγχια ἔχειν Arst.);

2) наравне, подобно, как: ~ κασιγνήτου Hom. вроде брата; ~ τῶν ἀργυρωνήτων Dem. на положении купленных рабов; ~ παντὸς ἔχειν Plut. ценить превыше всего;

3) взамен, в обмен на (τι ~ τινος ἀμείβειν Pind.): ~ χρημάτων Her., Dem. или ~ ἀργυρίου Plat. на деньги; ὀφθαλμὸν ~ ὀφθαλμοῦ NT око за око;

4) ради, из-за (~ παίδων ἱκετεύεσθαι Soph.);

5) вследствие: ~ τίνος; Lys. и ~ τοῦ; Xen. отчего?, почему?;

6) сравнительно с, по отношению к: αἱρεῖσθαί τι ~ τινος Isocr., Dem. оказывать чему-л. предпочтение перед чем-л.; ἓν ἀνθ᾽ ἑνός Plat. сопоставив всё со всем, т._е. взвесив все обстоятельства;

7) кроме, помимо (τίς ἄλλος ~ τούτου; Arph.): οὔτις ἄλλος ~ ἐμοῦ Aesch. никто, кроме меня.

ἀντί
(the ι is elided only in ἀνθ᾽ ὧν), prep. with genitive (cf. MM, VGT, see word);
1. prop, in local sense, over against, opposite, hence
2. instead of, in place of, for (Hom., etc.): Mat.5:38; 17:27, Luk.11:11, 1Co.11:15, Heb.12:2; with artic. inf. (cl.), Jas.4:15 of succession, Mat.2:22 χάριν ἀ. χάριτος, Jhn.1:16 (M, Pr., 100); of price in exchange, Heb.12:16 λύτρον ἀ. πολλῶν, Mat.20:28, Mrk.10:45 (M, Pr., 105); of requital, Rom.12:17, 1Th.5:16, 1Pe.3:9 (cf. Wis.11:15); ἀνθ᾽ ὧν, because, Luk.1:20; 19:44, Act.12:23, 2Th.2:10 (cl., LXX for אֲשֶׁר תַּחַת); id. therefore (cl., LXX), Luk.12:3 ἀ. τούτου (LXX for כֵּן נַעֲרָה)Eph.5:31 As a prefix, ἀντι- (before vowels ἀντ-, ἀνθ᾽-), denotes
(a) over against, ἀντιπέραν;
(b) co-operation, ἀντιβάλλειν;
(with) requital, ἀντιμισθία;
(d) opposition, ἀντίχριστος;
(e) substitution, ἀνθύπατος.
Compounds of ἀ. usually govern dative (B1., § 37, 7).†
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

ἀντί,
preposition governing genitive:—originally sense, over against. (Cf. Sanskrit ánti 'opposite', 'facing', Latin ante, etc.)
A USAGE:
A.I of Place, opposite, over against, formerly quoted from several places of [Refs 8th c.BC+]; so ἄντ᾽ Αἴαντος (i.e. ἄντα)[Refs 8th c.BC+]; but ἀντί is so used in [Refs 5th c.BC+]c-l68; αἱ ὀπαὶ αἱ γιγνόμεναι ἀ. τόρμων mortises facing tenons, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ἀντὶ μαιτύρων in the presence of witnesses, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.II of Time, ἀντὶ νυκτός the same night, [Refs]; ἀντὶ ϝέτεος[Refs 1st c.BC+]; ἀνθ᾽ ἡμέρας· δι᾽ ὅλης τῆς ἡμέρας, [Refs 5th c.AD+]; compare ἀντετοῦς.
A.III instead, in the place of, Ἕκτορος ἀντὶ πεφάσθαι[Refs 8th c.BC+]: sometimes used elliptically, ἦ 'τολμήσατ᾽ ἀντ᾽ ἐμοῦ δοῦναί τιν; i.e. ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐμοὶ δοῦναι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III.2 in [Refs 8th c.BC+] he is as good as many men, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀντὶ κασιγνήτου ξεῖνος.. τέτυκται a guest is as much as a brother, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀντί τοί εἰμ᾽ ἱκέταο I am as a suppliant, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; so later τοῦτό σφι ἀντὶ λουτροῦ ἐστί serves as a bath, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑπάρχειν ἀντὶ τῶν ἔνδον to be as hostages for.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δουλεύειν ἀντὶ ἀργυρωνήτων just like bought slaves, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.III.3 to denote exchange, at the price of, in return for, σοὶ δὲ θεοὶ τῶνδ᾽ ἀντὶ χάριν.. δοῖεν[Refs 8th c.BC+]; νῆσον ἀντὶ χρημάτων παρέλαβον for money paid, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δοίην ἀντ᾽ ἀνιῶν ἀνίας grief for grief, [Refs 6th c.BC+]:—hence ἀνθ᾽ ὧν wherefore, [NT+5th c.BC+]; ἀντὶ τούτου therefore, [NT]; but ἀνθ᾽ ὧν also for ἀντὶ τούτων ὄτι.., because, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀντὶ το; wherefore? why? [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ἀνθ᾽ ὧν ὅτι ἦτε.. instead of being as you were.., [LXX]
A.III.4 for the sake of, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; with Verbs of entreaty, likeπρός with genitive, ἀντὶ παίδων ἱκετεύομέν σε[Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III.5 to mark comparison, ἓν ἀνθ᾽ ἑνός one set against the other, compared with it, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος, i.e. ever-increasing grace, [NT]; in preference to, ἀφνεὸν βούλεται ἀντ᾽ ἀγαθοῦ[Refs 6th c.BC+]: even after Comparatives, πλέον ἀντὶ σοῦ[Refs 5th c.BC+]; so (especially after a negative) ἄλλος ἀντ᾽ ἐμοῦ[Refs 5th c.BC+]
B POSITION: ἀντί rarely follows its case, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; but the Grammars hold that it never suffers anastrophe.
C IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words), it signified,
C.1 over against, opposite, as ἀντιβαίνω, ἀντίπορος.
C.2 against, in opposition to, as ἀντιλέγω, ἀντίβιος.
C.3 one against another, mutually, as ἀντιδεξιόομαι.
C.4 in return, as ἀντιβοηθέω.
C.5 instead of, as ἀντιβασιλεύς, ἀνθύπατος.
C.6 equal to, like, as ἀντίθεος, ἀντίπαις, ἀντίδουλος.
C.7 corresponding, counter, as ἀντίφορτος, ἀντίτυπος. Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0