Библейское слово «μέσος» в греческих словарях

μέσος, эп. μέσσος 3 (compar. μεσαίτερος, superl. μεσαίτατος, μέσατος и μέσσατος)

1) находящийся в середине, средний, срединный, центральный (δάκτυλος Plat.; στῖφος Xen.);

2) (как лат. medius) составляющий середину: μέσον σάκος Hom. середина щита; μέσον λαμβάνειν τινά Arph. схватить кого-л. поперёк тела; μέσον ἦμαρ Pind. полдень; περὶ μέσας νύκτας Xen. около полуночи; ζυγὸν θραύειν μέσον Aesch. переломить ярмо пополам; ἐκ μέσης τῆς νήσου Plat. из центра острова; θέρευς ἔτι μέσσου ἐόντος Hes. когда лето ещё в разгаре;

3) среднего размера, средней величины, умеренный (ὀφθαλμοί Arst.);

4) средний, промежуточный (ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀλίγον μέσον Plat.): μέσοι ἄνθρωποι Plat. и οἱ τοῦ μέσου βίου Luc. люди среднего достатка, средние слои населения;

5) беспристрастный, нейтральный, юр. третейский (δικαστής Thuc.);

6) грам., стих. обоюдный: μέση λέξις (лат. vox media) слово с обоюдным смыслом (положительным и отрицательным); συλλαβὴ μέση (лат. syllaba anceps) обоюдным слог (могущий быть как долгим, так и кратким);

7) грам. немой, смычной: μέσα στοιχεῖα смычные согласные (β, γ, δ);

8) грам. медиальный, средний: μέσον ῥῆμα глагол среднего залога; μέσοι χρόνοι времена средних глаголов — см. тж. μέση и μέσον.

μέσος, -η, -ον
[in LXX chiefly for תָּוֶךְ ;]
middle, in the middle or midst;
1. prop., as an adj.: Luk.23:45, Jhn.19:18, Act.1:18; with genitive pl., Luk.22:55, Jhn.1:26; genitive temp. (Bl., § 36, 13), μέσης νυκτός, Mat.25:6 μ. ἡμέρας, Act.26:13
2. In adverbial phrases, neut., μέσον, τὸ μ., as subst.: ἀνὰ μέσον, with genitive, between (cl.; in LXX: Gen.1:4, al.), elliptically (but see M, Pr., 99), 1Co.6:5 = ἐν μ., among, in the midst of (El., § 39, 2; 40, 8; cf. in LXX: Jos.19:1, Sir.27:2), Mat.13:25, Mrk.7:31, Rev.7:17; διὰ μέσου, with genitive, Luk.4:30 διὰ μέσον (Rec. -ου, see 81., § 42, 1), between, Luk.17:11 (ICC, in l); εἰς τὸ μ. (see: εἰς), Mrk.3:3, Luk.4:35; 5:19; 6:8, Jhn.20:19, 26; εἰς μ., Mrk.14:60 ἐν τῷ μ., Mat.14:6 ἐν μ., Jos.8:3, 9, Act.4:7; with, genitive loc., Mrk.6:47, Luk.21:21; 22:55, Act.17:22, Heb.2:12" (LXX), Rev.4:6; 5:6; 22:2. with genitive pl., Mat.10:16; 18:2, 20, Mrk.9:36, Luk.2:46; 8:7; 10:3; 22:27; 24:36, Act.1:15; 2:22; 27:21, 1Th.2:7, Rev.1:13; 2:1; 5:6; 6:6; κατὰ μέσον τ. νυκτός, Act.27:27 (Bl., § 47, 6); ἐκ τοῦ μ. (Lft., in l; Deiss., BS, 252 f.), Col.2:14 ἐκ μ.., 2Th.2:7 ἐκ τοῦ μ., with genitive, Mat.13:49, Act.17:33; 23:10, 1Co.5:2, 2Co.6:17.
3. Neut., μέσον, adverbially, with genitive, in the midst of, Mat.14:24 (WH, txt., R, mg., aliter), Php.2:15 (διὰ μέσου­see supr.-also Jhn.8:50, R, mg.).†
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

μέσος, η, ον,
also [Refs 4th c.AD+]; Epic dialect μέσσος (also Aeolic dialect, [Refs 7th c.BC+], Boeotian dialect, Cretan dialect μέττος, [Refs 3rd c.BC+] ii b 2 [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, in the middle,
I of Space, especially with Nouns, of the middle point or part, μ. σάκος [Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐρανός zenith, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; μ. ἀπήνης from mid chariot, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν αἰθέρι μ. in mid-air, [Refs]; μ. μετώπῳ in the middle of the forehead, [Refs 1st c.AD+]: in Prose frequently preceding the Article, κατὰ μέσον τὸν σταθμόν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐκ μ. τῆς νήσου, κατὰ μ. τὴν νῆσον, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ μέσου τοῦ τμάματος at the middle point of the segment, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]: sometimes following the Noun, ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ μέσῃ [Refs 4th c.BC+]: less frequently midmost, central, of three or more objects, μ. ὁδός [Refs 6th c.BC+]; ὁ μ. [δάκτυλος] [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ μ. στῖφος the central division of the army, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μέσον, τό, centre, ἡ ἐπὶ τὸ μ. φορά [Refs 4th c.AD+]
I.b with a Verb, ἔχεται μ. by the middle, by the waist, proverbial from the wrestling-ring, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.c with genitive, midway between, ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀλίγον μ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2 of Time, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; μ. ἡλικία middle age, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μέσος ἀκμῆς variant in [Refs 3rd c.BC+]
I.3 metaphorically, impartial, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.3.b inter-mediate, frequently with genitive, μ. τις γέγονα χρηματιστὴς τοῦ τε πάππου καὶ τοῦ πατρός [Refs 5th c.BC+]; indeterminate, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; τὰ μ. things indifferent (neither good nor bad), [Refs]; of words such as τύχη, [Refs]; ζῴδια (neither lucky nor unlucky) [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
I.3.c Grammars, of Verbs, middle, [Refs]; μ. διάθεσις, σχήματα, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; μ. ἐνεστώς present middle, [Refs]
I.3.d Grammars, of consonants, Latin mediae, i. e. β ¯ γ ¯ δ ¯, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]: but also of semi-vowels, [Refs 5th c.BC+], i. e. the circumflex, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II middling, moderate,
II.1 of size, μέσοι ὀφθαλμοί, ὦτα, γλῶττα, [Refs]; μ. μεγέθει[Refs 3rd c.BC+]; μ. alone, of middle height, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]
II.2 of class or quality, πάντων μέσ᾽ ἄριστα [Refs 6th c.BC+]; μ. ἀνήρ a man of middle rank, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ μ., between οἱ εὔποροι and οἱ ἄποροι, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; μ. [πολιτεία[Refs 2nd c.AD+]; mediocre, [Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb μέσως, ἱκανόν fairly adequate, [Refs 1st c.BC+]
III μέσον, τό, midst, intervening space, mostly with Preps.,
III.a ἐν μέσσῳ, =ἐν μεταιχμίῳ, [Refs 8th c.BC+]in the midst, [NT]; ἡ 'ν μέσῳ [μοῖρα] σῴζει πόλεις the middle class, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὰ ἐν μ. what went between, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ ἐν μ. λόγοι the intervening words, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν μ. ἡμῶν καὶ βασιλέως between us and him, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν μ. νυκτῶν at midnight, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἆθλα κείμεν᾽ ἐν μέσῳ offered for competition (compare below b), [Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἡ τιμὴ ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἔστω deposited with the court, [Refs 3rd c.BC+] both collectively and severally, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐν μέσῳ εἶναι τοῦ συμμεῖξαι to stand in the way of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ γὰρ θάλαττα ἐν τῷ μ. is an obstacle, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; compare ἰμέσος.
III.b ἐς μέσον, ἐς μ. ἀμφοτέρων, frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀνδρὶ δὲ νικηθέντι γυναῖκ᾽ ἐς μέσσον ἔθηκε deposited her as a prize (compare above a),[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς μ. ἵεσθαι, ἐλθεῖν, παρελθεῖν, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐς τὸ μ. φέρειν bring forward publicly, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς μ. Πέρσῃσι καταθεῖναι τὰ πρήγματα to give up the power in common to all, [Refs]
III.c ἐκ τοῦ μέσου away, ἐκ μ. ἀνελεῖν [NT+4th c.BC+]; also ἐκ μ. a half, ἔτη ὀκτὼ καὶ ἔνατον ἐκ μ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ἐκ μ. κατῆστο remained in the middle, i. e. neutral [Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.d διὰ μέσου between, τὸ διὰ μ. ἔθνος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; διὰ μ. γενέσθαι intervene, of an event, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ τούτων διὰ μ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also οἱ διὰ μέσου the middle party, the moderates, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ διὰ μ. the middle class, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; of Time, ὁ διὰ μ. χρόνος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ διὰ μ. ξύμβασις an interim agreement, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; διὰ μέσου, as a figure of speech, use of parenthesis, [Refs]
III.e ἀν (ὀν) τὸ μ. in the midst, [Refs 7th c.BC+]; ἀνὰ μέσον midway between, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; θρὶξ ἀνὰ μέσσον [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; also ἀνὰ μέσον φέρε, =μετρίως, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
III.f κατὰ μέσσον, = ἐν μέσῳ, [Refs 8th c.BC+] between, [Refs]
III.2 μέσον, τό, difference, τὸ μ. πρὸς τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας the average between.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολλὸν τὸ μ., πολὺ τὸ μ., the difference is great, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ μ. οὐδὲν τῆς ἔχθρης ἐστί there is no middle course for our enmity, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.3 middle state, mean, τὸ μ. καὶ τὸ εὖ [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ποιήματα μέσα, opposed to ὀγκώδη, in the (correct) mean, [Refs 1st c.BC+]. adverb -ως, ἀναστρέφεσθαι [Refs]
III.4 in Logic, τὸ μ. the middle term of a syllogism, opposed to τὰ ἄκρα, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
III.5 in Mathematics texts, middle terms in a proportion, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; μέση, or μέση (μέσος) ἀνάλογον a mean proportional (straight line or number), [Refs]; μέσης εὕρεσις [Refs 4th c.BC+]; μέση medial, a specific kind of irrational (straight line), [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; μέσον ὀρθογώνιον (χωρίον) medial rectangle (area), [Refs]
III.6 Astron., ὁ διὰ μέσων τῶν ζῳδίων κύκλος the ecliptic, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; but, ὁ μέσος [κύκλος] the equator of a rotating sphere, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
III.7 μέσα, τά, =μέζεα, Blaes. p.191 K.
III.7.b =κοιλία 1.3, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
III.8 Μέσον, τό, one of the law-courts at Athens, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.9 οὐ τοῖς μέσοις τῆς βίας χρωμένη no ordinary force,[Refs 4th c.BC+]
IV μέση, ἡ, as substantive, see at μέση.
V adverb μέσον, Epic dialect μέσσον, in the middle, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with genitive, between, οὐρανοῦ μ. χθονός <τε> [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in the midst of, μ. τῆς θαλάσσης [LXX+NT]: also in plural, μέσα αἰετὸς οὐρανοῦ ποτᾶται [Refs 5th c.BC+]
V.2 regular adverb μέσως, πόλεώς τ᾽ οὐ μ. εὐδαίμονος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; καὶ μ. even in a moderate degree, even a little, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μ. ἔχειν πρός or περί τι to be in the mean.., [Refs 4th c.BC+]; μ. βεβιωκέναι in a middle way, i. e. neither well nor ill, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μ. διατιθέναι in an intermediate way, [Refs 1st c.BC+]
V.2.b Grammars, in the middle voice, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
VI irregular comparative μεσαίτερος [Refs 5th c.BC+]: superlative μεσαίτατος [Refs 5th c.BC+]. (Cf. Sanskritmádhyas 'middle', Latin medius, etc.) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0