λίθος [ῐ], ου,
o((see. below 11),
stone, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of the
stones thrown by warriors, τρηχὺς λ., λ. ὀκριόεις, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also,
stonequoit, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; of building-
stones, λίθοι βασιλικοί [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; λίθον ἕψειν 'to lose one's labour', [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also of stupid persons, 'blockheads', λίθοι [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; λ. τις, ou) dou/lh [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; προσηγορεύθη διὰ τὸ μὴ φρονεῖν λ., of Niobe, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; λίθῳ λαλεῖς proverbial of ἀναίσθητοι, [
Refs]
2 stone as a substance, opposed to wood, flesh, etc., ἐπεὶ οὔ σφι λ. χρὼς οὐδὲ σίδηρος [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; λαοὺς δὲ λίθους ποίησε turned into
stone, petrified,[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; as an emblem of hard-heartedness, σοὶ δ᾽ αἰεὶ κραδίη στερεωτέρη ἐστὶ λίθοιο [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
II λίθος, ἡ, twice in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: later mostly of
some special stone, as the magnet is called Μαγνῆτις λ. by [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also Λυδία λ. by [
Refs 5th c.BC+] =
touchstone); Ἡρακλεία λ. by [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so of a
touchstone, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ διαφανὴς λ.
a piece of crystal used for a burning-glass, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; χυτὴ λ. was perhaps a kind of
glass, and so an older name for ὕαλος, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. =
precious stone is
feminine in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; in the sense of
marble mostly
masculine, λευκὸς λ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Πάριος λ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. Θάσιος, Αἰγύπτιος, etc., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare λυχνίας, -ίτη; πώρινος λ.
tufa, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2 collectively, πέφυκε λίθος.. ἄφθονος, ἐξ οὗ.. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III grave-stone (
feminine), [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
IV at Athens, λίθος, ὁ, was a name for various
blocks of stone used for rostra or
platforms, as,
IV.1 the βῆμα (which see) of the Pnyx, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV.2 another in the ἀγορά used by the κήρυκες, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; probably the same as ὁ πρατὴρ λ., on which the auctioneer stood when selling slaves, etc., [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
IV.3 an
altar in the ἀγορά, at which the Thesmothetae, arbitrators, and witnesses took their oaths, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; compare λιθωμότης.
IV.4 two
stones on which litigants stood in the Areopagus, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
V piece on a draughtboard, [
Refs 7th c.BC+]
VI in Medicine texts,
stone in the bladder, calculus, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
VII Δία λίθον ὀμνύναι, = Latin
Jovem lapidem jurare, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
VIII λίθοι χαλάζης hail-
stones, [
LXX]
IX λ. ὁ οὐ λ. the philosophers'
stone, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0