Библейское слово «ξύλον» в греческих словарях

ξύλον (ῠ) τό [ξύω и ξέω]

1) pl. срубленный лес, брёвна: ξύλα νήϊα Hes. или ναυπηγήσιμα Thuc. корабельный лес; ξύλα τετράγωνα Her. четырёхгранные брёвна, балки;

2) pl. поленья, дрова (ξύλα κάγκανα Hom.);

3) пень или столб (~ ἢ δρυὸς ἢ πεύκης Hom.);

4) деревянное сооружение: Ἀργοῦς ~ Aesch. корабль Арго; ἵπποιο ~ Anth. (Троянский) деревянный конь;

5) дубинка, палица, палка (ἔχοντες ξύλα Her.; μετὰ μαχαιρῶν καὶ ξύλων NT);

6) шейная или ножная колодка (~ σιδηρόδετον Her.; ἐν τῷ ξύλῳ δεδέσθαι Lys.): ξύλῳ φιμοῦν или ἐς ξύλον ἐγκαθαρμόσαι τὸν αὐχένα Arph. надеть на шею колодку;

7) скамья: πρῶτον ~ Arph. первая скамья (в афинском театре, предназначавшаяся для πρυτάνεις);

8) стол менялы Dem.;

9) дерево (ὄρος δασὺ παντοδαποῖς ξύλοις Xen.; ~ τῆς ζωῆς NT): τὸ ~ τῆς ἀμπέλου Eur. виноградная лоза; εἴρια ἀπὸ ξύλου Her. древесная шерсть, т._е. хлопок; εἵματα ἀπὸ ξύλων Her. предположительно одежды из древесной коры или луба;

10) NT = σταυρός;

11) ксил (мера длины = 1.39 м).

ξύλον, -ου, τό
[in LXX chiefly for עֵץ ;]
1. wood: 1Co.3:12, Rev.18:12.
2. a piece of wood, hence, anything made of wood, as,
(a) a cudgel, staff: pl., Mat.26:47, 55, Mrk.14:43, 48, Luk.22:52;
(b) stocks, for confining the feet (Job.33:11, סַד) : Act.16:24
(with) a beam to which malefactors were bound (late Gk.), in LXX, of a gibbet (Deu.21:22-23), in NT, of the Cross: Act.5:30; 10:39; 13:29, Gal.3:13, 1Pe.2:24.
3. In late writers (see MM, xvii), a tree (Gen.1:29, Isa.14:8, al.) : Luk.23:31; ξ. τῆς ζωῆς, Rev.2:7; 22:2, 14; 22:19.†
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

ξύλον [ῠ], τό
(plural spelt ξύλεα [Refs 5th c.BC+], wood cut and ready for use, firewood, timber, etc., [Refs 8th c.BC+], mostly in plural, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ξ. νήϊα ship-timber, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ξ. τετράγωνα logs cut square, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2 in plural, also, the wood-market, ἐπὶ ξύλα ἰέναι [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II in singular, piece of wood, log, beam, post, once in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ξ. σύκινον spoon made of fig wood, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; peg or lever, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; perch, ἐπὶ ξύλου καθεύδειν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἵπποιο κακὸν ξ., of the Trojan horse, [Refs 6th c.AD+]
II.2 cudgel, club, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μετὰ ξύλων εἰσπηδῆσαι [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ξύλοις συντρίψειν [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of the club of Heracles, [Refs 1st c.AD+]
II.3 an instrument of punishment,
II.3.a wooden collar, put on the neck of the prisoner, ξύλῳ φιμοῦν τὸν αὐχένα [Refs 5th c.BC+]; or,
II.3.b stocks, in which the feet were confined, [NT+5th c.BC+]: also in plural, ἔδησεν ἐν τοῖς ξ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3.c πεντεσύριγγον ξύλον (see. entry) was a combination of both, with holes for the neck, arms, and legs, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3.d gallows, κρεμάσαι τινὰ ἐπὶ ξύλου [LXX]; ξ. δίδυμον[LXX] i.e. if one must be hanged, at least let it be on a noble tree, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in NT, of the cross, [NT]
II.3.e stake on which criminals were impaled, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II.4 bench, table, especially money-changer's table, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.5 πρῶτον ξύλον front bench in the Athenian theatre, [Refs 5th c.BC+] the official who had to take care of the seats, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.6 the Hippocratic bench, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
III of live wood, tree, [ὄρος] δασὺ πολλοῖς καὶ παντοδαποῖς καὶ μεγάλοις ξύλοις [LXX+5th c.BC+]; εἴρια ἀπὸ ξύλου, of cotton, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV of persons, blockhead, [Refs]; of a stubborn person, σίδηρός τις ἢ ξ. πρὸς τὰς δεήσεις [Refs 3rd c.AD+]
V a measure oflength, = 3 (also 2 2/3) cubits, the side of the ναύβιον, [Refs 2nd c.BC+] “*Geometry texts” 23.4,11, [Refs 3rd c.AD+] Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0