ὕδωρ [ῠ,
see near the end], τό,
genitive ὕδατος: an
Epic dialect dative ὕδει in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; later
nominative ὕδος [
Refs 3rd c.BC+];
Boeotian dialect οὕδωρ probably in [
Refs]:—
water, of any kind, but in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] rarely of seawater without an epithet, ἄνεμός τε καὶ ὕ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; of rivers, ὕ. Αἰσήποιο, Στυγός, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Lyric poetry and Trag., ὕ, Ἀσώπιον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently in
plural (but only once in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
the waters of Cephisus, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
spring-water, drinking-water, οἶνον ἔμισγον καὶ ὕ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὕ. πίνων
a water-drinker, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
water for washing the hands, see at χεί; φέρτε χερσὶν ὕ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+] —a curse was invoked upon those who refused fire (i.e. the right to borrow burning embers) or water or to direct a traveller on his way, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅταν τὸ ὕδωρ πνίγῃ, τί δεῖ ἐπιπίνει; if
water chokes, what more can be done ? of a desperate case, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
2 rain-water, rain, ὅτε λαβρότατον χέει ὕ. Ζεύς [
Refs 8th c.BC+] is a gloss in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ Διὸς, or παρὰ τοῦ Δ., ὕ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; καινὸν ἀεὶ τὸν Δία ὕειν ὕδωρ, ὕδωρ τὸν θεὸν ποιῆσαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] thunder-
showers, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
3 for ἐν ὕδατι βρέχεσθαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
4 in the law-courts, τὸ ὕδωρ was
the water of the water-clock (κλεψύδρ), and hence
the time it took in running out, ἂν ἐγχωρῇ τὸ ὕδωρ [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐν τῷ ἐμῷ ὕ., ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὕ., in the time allowed me, [
Refs]; οὐκ ἐνδέχεται πρὸς ταὐτὸ ὕ. εἰπεῖν one cannot say (all) in one speech, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπίλαβε τὸ ὕ. stop the
water (which was done while the speech was interrupted by the calling of evidence and reading of documents), [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀποδιδόναι, παραδιδόναι τινὶ τὸ ὕ., to give him the turn of speaking, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
5 generally,
liquid, ὕδατος εἴδη τὰ τοιάδε· οἶνος, οὖρον, ὀρός [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II part of the constellation Aquarius, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.2 a name for the winter solstice, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]
III Ὕδατα, τά, as the name of
places with hot or
mineral waters, Ὕ. Σέζτια, Latin
Aquae Sextiae, Ὕ. Νεαπολιτανά, etc., [
Refs 2nd c.AD+] [ῠ by nature, ὕ?~Xδωρ [
Refs 8th c.BC+], and so always in
Attic dialect (except sometimes in dactylic verse, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] (always at end of line except in phrase Στυγὸς ὕδωρ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; later
Epic dialect admits ὕ ¯ δωρ more freely, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+], so that we find ῡ in the second half of the foot in [
Refs 7th c.BC+].] (Cf. Sanskrit
udán-, genitive udn-ás 'water', O[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
woeter, O Norse
vatn; I.-[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
u(e)d- with suffix
r alternating with
n (ὕδ-ṇ-τος):
cognate with Sanskrit
u-ná-t-ti (root
ud-),
3rd.pers. plural u-n-d-ánti 'moisten', cf. Latin
unda.)
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
