πρός,
preposition, expressing direction,
A on the side of, in the direction of, hence with
genitive,
dative, and
accusative,
from, at, to:
Epic dialect also
προτί and
ποτί, in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] usually with
accusative, more rarely with
dative, and each only once with
genitive, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:—dialectal forms:
Doric dialectποτί (which see) and
ποί, but Cretan dialect
πορτί [
Refs], Argive
προτ(ί) [
Refs 7th c.BC+]
πός [
Refs 4th c.BC+]., also sometimes in Asia Minor in compounds, see at ποσάγω,ποσφέρω;
Aeolic dialect πρός [
Refs 7th c.BC+];
πρές [
Refs 6th c.AD+]; Pamphylian περτ (ί) [
Refs] (With
προτί,
πρός cf. Sanskrit
práti 'towards, near to, against, back, etc.', Slavonic
protiv[ucaron], Lett.
pret 'against', Latin
pretium:
ποτί (which see) and
πός are not
cognate) [
Refs 4th c.BC+] refers to that
from which something comes:
A.I of Place,
from, ἵκετο ἠὲ π. ἠοίων ἦ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
A.I.2 on the side of, towards, νήσοισι πρὸς Ἤλιδος
towards Elis, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἁλός, π. Θύμβρης, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φυλακαὶ π. Αἰθιόπων, π. Ἀραβίων, π. Διβύης,
on the frontier towards the Ethiopians, etc., [
Refs 5th c.BC+] one
on the north
side, the other
on the south
side, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. τοῦ Τμώλου τετραμμένον τῆς πόλιος (in such phrases the
accusative is more common) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπὸ τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ τὸ π. τοῦ λιμένος ἅπαν everything
on the harbour-
ward side of this road, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.3 before, in presence of, μάρτυροι ἔστων π. τε θεῶν μακάρων π. τε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποίτοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος.. ὑπίσχομαι probably in [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.I.3.b in the eyes of, ἄδικον οὐδὲν οὔτε π. θεῶν οὔτε π. ἀνθρώπων [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅσιος π. θεῶν Legal cited in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατειπάτω.. ἁγνῶς π. τοῦ θεοῦ if he wishes to be pure
in the sight of the god, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ γὰρ καιρὸς π. ἀνθρώπων βραχὺ μέτρον ἔχει [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.4 in supplication or adjuration,
before, and so,
in the name of, σε.. γουνάζομαι.. π. τ᾽ ἀλόχου καὶ πατρός [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἱκετεύω, ἀντιβολῶ π. παίδων, π. γυναικῶν, etc., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: less frequently with other words, π. τῆς ἑστίας [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes in questions, π. θεῶν, τίς οὕτως εὐήθης ἐστί;
in heaven's
name, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes in Trag. with the
pronoun σε between
preposition and case, π. νύν σε πατρὸς π. τε μητρός.. ἱκνοῦμαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.5 of origin or descent,
from, on the side of, γένος ἐξ Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ τὰ π. πατρός
by the father's
side, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρόγονοι ἢ π. ἀνδρῶν ἢ γυναικῶν
in the male or female
line, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ π. αἵματος blood-relations, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.II of effects
proceeding from what cause soever:
A.II.1 from, at the hand of, with Verbs of having, receiving, etc., ὡς ἂν.. τιμὴν καὶ κῦδος ἄρηαι π. πάντων Δαναῶν [
Refs 8th c.BC+] to have been taught
by.., [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αἴσχε᾽ ἀκούω π. Τρώων[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι π. τινῶν [
Refs]; παθεῖν τι π. τινός
at the hand of,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν[
Refs 5th c.BC+]: with an
adjective or
substantive, τιμήεσσα π. πόσιος [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἄρκεσις π. ἀνδρός, δόξα π. ἀνθρώπων, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
adverb, οἶμαι γὰρ ἂν οὐκ ἀχαρίστως μοι ἔχειν οὔτε π. ὑμῶν οὔτε π. τῆς Ἑλλάδος I shall meet with no ingratitude
at your
hands, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.II.2 of things, π. τίνος ποτ᾽ αἰτίας [τέθνηκεν];
from of
by what cause? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἀμπλακημάτων
by or
by reason of.., [
Refs]
A.III of dependence or close connexion: hence,
A.III.1 dependent on one,
under one's
protection, π. Διός εἰσι ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας π. Διὸς εἰρύαται
by commission from him, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἄλλης ἱστὸν ὑφαίνοις
at the bidding of another, [
Refs]
A.III.2 on one's
side, in one's
favour, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.IV of that which is
derivable from: hence,
agreeable to, becoming, like, τὰ τοιαῦτα ἔργα οὐ π. τοῦ ἅπαντος ἀνδρὸς νενόμικα γίνεσθαι, ἀλλὰπ. ψυχῆς τε ἀγαθῆς καὶ ῥώμης ἀνδρηΐης [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἦ κάρτα π. γυναικὸς αἴρεσθαι κέαρ 'tis very
like a woman, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δίκης οὐδὲν τρέμων
agreeably to justice, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐάν τι ἡμῖν π. λόγου ᾖ if it be at all
to our purpose, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
correctly, [
Refs]; but π. τρόπου τι ὠνεῖσθαι buy
at a reasonable price, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀγαθοῦ, π. κακοῦ τινί ἐστι or γίγνεται, it is
to one's advantage or otherwise, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀτιμίας λαβεῖν τι to take a thing
as an insult, regard it so, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; λαβεῖν τι π. ὀργῆς (variantὀργήν) [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; τῷ δήμῳ π. αἰσχύνης ἂν ἦν, π. ὀνείδους ἂν ἦν τῇ πόλει, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]
B WITH DAT., it expresses proximity,
hard by, near, at, ποτὶ γαίῃ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποτὶ δρυσίν
among the oaks, [
Refs]; πρὸς ἄκμονι χαλκεύειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄγκυραν ποτὶ ναΐ κρημνάντων[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; θακεῖν π. ναοῖς[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς μάχην καθίστασθαι π. (variant ὑπ᾽) αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π. Αἰγίνῃ στράτευμα
off Aegina, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Αίβυες οἱ π. Αἰγύπτῳ
bordering on.., [
Refs]; τὸ π. ποσί that which is
close to the feet,
before one, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδὰς π... πήματι
over it, [
Refs]; αἱ π. τῇ βάσει γωνίαι the angles
at the base, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.2 before, in the presence of, π. τοῖς θεσμοθέταις, π. τῷ διαιτητῇ λέγειν, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.3 with Verbs denoting
motion towards a place,
upon, against, ποτὶ δὲ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; λιαζόμενον ποτὶ γαίῃ sinking
on the ground, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
B.4 sometimes with a notion of
clinging closely, προτὶ οἷ λάβε clasped
to him, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. δμῳαῖσι κλίνομαι fall
into the arms of.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
close to, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.II to express close engagement,
at the point of, π. αὐτῷ γ᾽ εἰμὶ τῷ δεινῷ λέγειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
engaged in or
about, π. τῷ εἰρημένῳ λόγῳ ἦν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; διατρίβειν or σχολάζειν π. τινί, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν διάνοιαν, τὴν γνώμην ἔχειν π. τινί, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατατάξαι αὐτὸν π. γράμμασιν, i.e. give him a post as clerk, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὁ π. τοῖς γράμμασι τεταγμένος [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
B.III to express union or addition, once in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] and
besides them sleep, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
in addition to, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. ταῖς ἡμετέραις [τριήρεσι] [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κυβερνήτης π. τῇ σκυτοτομίᾳ
in addition to his trade of leather-cutter, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
besides his youth, [
Refs]; π. τούτοισι
besides this, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; rarely in
singular, π. τούτῳ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τοῖς ἄλλοις
besides all the rest, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C WITH ACCU[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I of Place,
towards, to, with Verbs of Motion, ἰέναι π. Ὄλυμπον [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἰέναι π. δώματα, etc., [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ῥίπτασκε ποτὶ νέφεα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀπῆλθε πρὸς ἑαυτόν returned
to his home, [
LXX]; κληθῆναι π. τὸ δεῖπνον (rarer than ἐπὶ δεῖπνον) [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
C.I.2 with Verbs implying previous motion,
upon, against, π. τεῖχος, π. κίονα ἐρείσας, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; χῶρον π. αὐτὸν τόνδ᾽ uncertain in [
LXX+NT]; π. ὑμᾶς παραμενῶ
with you, [
NT]
beside, [
Refs]
C.I.2.b of addition, ποὶ τὰν στάλαν ποιγραψάνσθω τάδε [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἵππον προσετίθει πρὸς τοὔνομα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; προσεδαπάνησε π. τὸ μερισθὲν αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ ἔλαιον ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων
over and above the sum allotted to him, [
Refs]; προσετέθη π. τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ was gathered
to his people, [
LXX]
C.I.3 with Verbs of seeing, looking, etc.,
towards, ἰδεῖν π. τινά [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁρᾶν, ἀποβλέπειν π. τι or τινά, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; στάντε ποτὶ πνοιήν
so as to face it, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
against the wind, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; κλαίεσκε π. οὐρανόν cried
to heaven, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] lie
towards the West, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Prose, π. ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἥλιον
facing the sun, and so,
in the sun
light, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so π. λύχνον
by lamp
light, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. φῶς
in open day, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but,
by torch-
light, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
C.I.4 in hostile sense,
against, π. Τρῶας μάχεαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. δαίμονα
against his
will,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]: also in argument,
in reply to, ταῦτα π. τὸν Πιττακὸν εἴρηται [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; and so in the titles of judicial speeches, πρός τινα
in reply to, less strong than κατά τινος
against or
in accusation, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
C.I.5 without any hostile sense, π. ἀλλήλους ἔπεα πτερόεντ᾽ ἀγόρευον [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π.ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ᾽ ἐπακοῦσαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; λέγειν, εἰπεῖν, φράζειν π. τινά, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὤμοσε δὲ π. ἔμ᾽ αὐτόν he swore
to me, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] sometimes governs the
reflexive pronoun, διαλογίζεσθαι π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀναμνήσθητε, ἐνθυμήθητε π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; μινύρεσθαι, ἄδειν π. ἑαυτόν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I.5.b π. σφέας ἔχειν δοκέουσι, i.e. they think they are pregnant, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I.6 of various kinds of intercourse or reciprocal action, π... Διομήδεα τεύχε᾽ ἄμειβεν changed arms
with Diomedes, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; σπονδάς, συνθήκας ποιεῖσθαι π. τινά, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; διαλέγεσθαι π. τινά converse
with.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; διαλογίζεσθαι π. τινά balance accounts
with.., [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἃ ἔχει διελόμενος π. τὸν ἀδελφόν [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
C.I.6.b in phrases of the form ἡ π. τινὰ εὔνοια (ἔχθρα, etc.), π. sometimes means
towards, as ἡ π. αὑτοὺς φιλία the affection of their wives
towards or
for them, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; φυσικαὶ τοκέων στοργαὶ π. τέκνα ποθεινά [
Refs]: but sometimes
at the hands of, ἡ π. τὸ θεῖον εὐμένεια the favour of the gods, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; φθόνος τοῖς ζῶσι π. τὸ ἀντίπαλον jealousy is incurred by the living
at the hands of their rivals, [
Refs]; τὴν ἀπέχθειαν τὴν π. Θηβαίους.. τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι the hostility incurred by Athens
at the hands of the Thebans, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τῇ φιλίᾳ τῇ π. τὸν τετελευτηκότα the friendship
with (not 'affection
for') the deceased, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῷ φόβῳ τῷ π. ὑμᾶς the fear
inspired by you, [
Refs]; τῇ π. Ῥωμαίους εὐνοία his popularity
with the Romans, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
C.I.7 of legal or other business transacted
before a magistrate, witness, etc., τάδε ὁ σύλλογος ἐβουλεύσατο.. π. μνήμονας [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
before a jury, ἔστι δὲ τούτοις μὲν π. ὑμᾶς ἁγών, ὑμῖν δὲ π. ἅπασαν τὴν πόλιν [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
before a witness to whom an appeal for corroboration is made, [
Refs]; φέρρεν αὐτὸν πὸ (τ) τὸν Δία
in the eyes of Zeus, [
Refs]; λαχεῖν πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα, γράφεσθαι π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; θέντων τὰ.. ποτήρια.. π. Πολύχαρμον having pawned the cups
with P., [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; also διαβάλλειν τινὰ π. τοὺς πολλούς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II of Time,
towards or
near a certain time,
at or
about, ποτὶ ἕσπερα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποτ᾽ ὄρθρον (nisi to be read πότορθρον) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π.ἀῶ ἐγρέσθαι, π. ἡμέραν ἐξεγρέσθαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. γῆρας, π. τὸ γῆρας,
in old age, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. εὐάνθεμον φυάν
in the bloom of life, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; μέχρις ὅτου π. γυναῖκας ὦσι, i.e.of marriageable age, [
Refs]
for the moment, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; see below 111.5.
C.III of Relation between two objects,
C.III.1 in reference to, in respect of, touching, τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον military matters, equipments, etc., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ π. τὸν βασιλέα our
relations to the King, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὰ π. βασιλέα πράγματα the negotiations
with the King, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς our relations, i.e. duties,
to the gods, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
in respect of.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἕτερος λόγος, οὐ π. ἐμέ that is another matter, and does not
concern me, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῶν φορέτρων ὄντων π. ἐμέ freightage shall be my
concern, i.e.
borne by me, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; π. τοῦτον ἦν ἡ τῶν διαφόρων πρᾶξις [
LXX]; ἐὰν.. βοᾷ καὶ σχετλιάζῃ μηδὲν π. τὸ πρᾶγμα,
nihil ad rem, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν π. τὸν Διόνυσον Prov. cited in [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; οὐδὲν αὐτῷ π. τὴν πόλιν ἐστίν he owes no reckoning
to the State, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔσται αὐτῷ π. τὸν Θεόν (i.e. ὁ λόγος) he shall have to reckon
with God, [
Refs]; ἔσται π. τὴν Τριάδαν [
Refs]; π. πολλοὺς ἔχων ἀγωνιστάς [
Refs] see at ὅσα μῦς ἐν πίσσῃ,[
NT+5th c.BC+]; [τὸ or τὰ] πρός τι, the
relative term or terms, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ π. τι, [
Refs 4th c.BC+] name for
two, [
Refs]; π. ἡμᾶς
relatively to us, opposed to ἁπλῶς, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὀρθὸς πρός or ποτί with
accusative, perpendicular
to, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
C.III.2 in reference to, in consequence of, πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ κήρυγμα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὴν φήμην
in view of.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.: with
neuter pronoun, π. τ;
wherefore? to what end? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. οὐδέν
for nothing, in vain, [
Refs]; π. οὐδὲν ἀναγκαῖον unnecessarily, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
therefore, this being so, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.3 in reference to or
for a purpose, ἕστηκεν.. μῆλα π. σφαγάς [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; χρήσιμος, ἱκανὸς π. τι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ποιεῖ π. ἐπιλημπτικούς is efficacious
for cases of epilepsy, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.3.b with a view to or
for a future time, ὅπως.. γράμματα δῷ π. ἢν ἂν ἡμέραν ἑκάτεροι παραγίνωνται [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; θαυμάζεται τὰ Περικλέους ἔργα π. πολὺν χρόνον ἐν ὀλίγῳ γενόμενα [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
C.III.3.c =πρός [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.4 in proportion or
relation to, in comparison with, κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι π. τὸν πατέρα Κῦρον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας ναῦς τὸ μέσον σκοπεῖν the mean
between.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὸς παρεὸν.. μῆτις ἀέξεται ἀνθρώποισι
in proportion to the existing (physical development), [
Refs 5th c.BC+] sells twice
against or
relatively to silver, i.e. for twice its weight in silver, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; [ἡ μαργαρῖτις λίθος] πωλεῖται.. π. χρυσίον
for its weight in gold, Androsthenes cited in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅπως π. τὰς τιμὰς τῶν κριθῶν τὰ ἄλφιτα πωλήσουσι
on the basis of the price of barley, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐξέστω αὐτοῦ ἀπογραφὴ τῆς οὐσίας π. τοῦτο τὸ ἀργύριον Ἀθηναίων τῷ βουλομένῳ property
equal in value to this silver, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τῶν ἐγγύων τῶν ἐγγυωμένων π. [αὐτὰ] τὰ κτήματα [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; θέντων τὰ ποτήρια π. χρυσοῦς ἑκατόν [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τοὺς ἀπαγομένους εἰς φυλακὴν π. τὰ χρέα imprisoned
for debt, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τοὺς π. καταδίκας ἐκπεπτωκότας [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ἐγδίδομεν τὸ ἔργον.. π. χαλκόν [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; οἷον π. ἀργύριον τὴν δόξαν τὰς ψυχὰς ἀποδιδόμενοι [
Refs 4th c.AD+]; π. ἅλας ἠγορασμένος, i.e. 'dirt cheap', [
Refs 4th c.BC+] i.e. dine frugally, take pot-luck, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of measurements of time
by the flow from the clepsydra, π. ἕνδεκα ἀμφορέας ἐν διαμεμετρημένῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ κρίνομαι [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. κλεψύδραν Eub.p.182 K., [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; hence later, π. ὀλίγον
for a short time, ἐπανεῖναι π. ὀλίγον τὴν πολιορκίαν [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; π.ὀλίγον καιρόν, χρόνον, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
Prooem.; π. ὀλίγον ἐστὶ τὸ ζῆν poetical in [
Refs]; π. βραχύ [
Refs 4th c.AD+] (
by) a little past their best, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; π.μόνην τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν ἡμέραν [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
C.III.5 in or
by reference to, according to, in view of, π. τὸ παρεὸν βουλεύεσθαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῖς π. ὑμᾶς ζῶσι those who live
with your
interests in view, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ παιδεύεσθαι π. τὰς πολιτείας
suitably to them, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁρῶ.. ἅπαντας π. τὴν παροῦσαν δύναμιν τῶν δικαίων ἀξιουμένους
according to their power, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
according to.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πὸς τὰς συνθέσις
in accordance with the agreements, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]; τὸν δικαστὰν ὀμνύντα κρῖναι πορτὶ τὰ μωλιόμενα
having regard to the pleadings, [
Refs], compare 9.30; αἱ ἀρχαὶ.. πρὸς τὰ κατεσκευασμένα σύμβολα σηκώματα ποιησάμεναι after making weights and measures
in accordance with, or
by reference to, the established standards, [
Refs]; π. τὰ στάθμια τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀργυροκοπίῳ
as measured by the weights in the mint, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; [Εόλων] ἐποίησε σταθμὰ π. τὸ νόμισμα made (trade-) weights
on the basis of (i.e.
proportional to) the coinage, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τὸ δικαιότατον
in accordance with the most just principle, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
C.III.6 with the accompaniment of musical instruments, π. κάλαμον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. αὐλόν or τὸν αὐλόν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ῥυθμὸν ἐμβαίνειν to step
in time, [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
C.III.7 πρός c.
accusative frequently
periphrastic for
adverb, π. βίαν, = βιαίως,
under compulsion, νῦν χρὴ.. τινα π. βίαν πώνην [
Refs 7th c.BC+]; ἥκω.. π. βίαν
under compulsion, [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
by force, forcibly, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὐ π. βίαν τινός not
forced by any one, [
Refs] (but also,
in spite of any one, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἀλκήν, π. ἀνάγκαν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἡδονὴν λέγειν, δημηγορεῖν,
so as to please, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; λούσασθαι τὸ σῶμα π. ἡδ.
as much or little as one like s, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὸ τερπνόν
calculated to delight, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. χάριν
so as to gratify, μήτε π. ἔχθραν ποιεῖσθαι λόγον μήτε π. χ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+] with
genitive _of things_, π. χάριν τινός
for the sake of, π. χ. βορᾶς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
by means of, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ὀργήν
with anger, angrily, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὸ λιπαρές importunately, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. καιρόν seasonably, [
Refs]; π. εὐτέλειαν cheaply, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. μέρος
in due proportion, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τέτραπτο π. ἰθύ οἱ straight
towards him, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ὀρθὰς (i.e. γωνίας (.. τῇ AEB
at right angles to, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀχθηδόνα, π. ἀπέχθειαν, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; γυνὴ π. ἀλήθειαν οὖσα
in truth a woman, a
very woman, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
in the highest degree, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.III.8 of Numbers.
up to, about, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
D AB[
Refs 5th c.BC+] AS
adverb.,
besides, over and above; in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently at the end of a second clause, τάδε λέγω, δράσω τε π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
E IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
E.I motion
towards, as προσάγω, προσέρχομαι, etc.
E.II addition,
besides, as προσκτάομαι, προσδίδωμι, προστίθημι, etc.
E.III a being
on, at, by, or
beside: hence,
a remaining beside, and
metaphorically connexion and engagement with anything, as πρόσειμι, προσγίγνομαι, etc.
F REMARKS,
F.1 in poetry πρός sometimes stands after its case and before an attribute, ποίμνας βουστάσεις τε π. πατρός [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄστυ πότι (or ποτὶ) σφέτερον [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
F.2 in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
F.3 sometimes (in violation of the rule given by [
Refs 2nd c.AD+] followed by an
enclitic pronoun, πρός με [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
