αὐτός (Cretan dialect ἀϝτός [
Refs] (also αὐτόν[
Refs], reflexive
pronoun,
self:—in oblique cases used for the personal
pronoun,
him, her, it:—with
Article, ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό (also ταὐτόν), etc.,
the very one, the same. I self, myself, thyself, etc.,
accusative to the person of the Verb: frequently joined with ἐγώ, σύ, etc. (see. below 10),
I.1 one's true self, the
soul, not the body, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; reversely,
body, not soul, [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
oneself, as opposed to others who are less prominent, as king to subject, [
Refs]; man to wife and children, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; warrior to horses, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], or to weapons, [
Refs]; shepherd to herd, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; seamen to ships, [
Refs]: generally, whole to parts,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
absolutely,
the Master, as in the [
Refs 4th c.BC+] Latin
Ipse dixit; so τίς οὗτος..;— Αὐτός, i.e. Socrates, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀναβόησον Αὐτόν[
Refs]
the Master, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
the result will show, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially αὐτὸ δείξει[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of things,
the very, ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, i.e.
just, exactly under.., [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρὸς αὐταῖς ταῖς θύραις
close by the door, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτὸ τὸ δέον the
very thing needed, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτὸ τὸ περίορθρον
the point of dawn, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐναντία the
very opposite, [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
even, οὔ μοι μέλει ἄλγος οὔτ᾽ αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης[
Refs 8th c.BC+] —In these senses αὐτός in Prose either precedes both the _Article_ and
substantive, or follows both, e.g. αὐτὸς ὁ υἱός or ὁ υἱὸς αὐτός. The
Article is sometimes omitted with proper names, or Nouns denoting individuals, αὐτὸς Μένων[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2 of oneself, of one's own accord, ἀλλά τις αὐ. ἴτω[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also,
in person, τῶν πραγμάτων ὑμῖν.. αὐτοῖς ἀντιληπτέον[
Refs 4th c.BC+]
I.3 by oneself or
itself, alone, αὐτός περ ἐών although
alone, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αὐτὸς ἐγείναο παῖδ᾽, i.e.
without a mother,[
Refs 8th c.BC+]
by himself, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν we are
by ourselves, i.e.
among friends, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτὰ γὰρ ἔστιν ταῦτα these
and no others, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
himself alone, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αὐτὸς μόνος, see at μόνος II; αὐτὸς καθ᾽ αὑτόν, see at ἑαυτοῦ.
I.4 in Philosophy,
by or
in itself, of an abstract concept or idea, δίκαιον αὐτό[
Refs 5th c.BC+] is frequently in this sense, attached to Nouns of all genders, οὐκ αὐτὸ δικαιοσύνην ἐπαινοῦντες ἀλλὰ τὰς ἀπ᾽ αὐτῆς εὐδοκιμήσεις[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; more fully, εἰ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πατέρα ἠρώτων, ἆρα ὁ πατήρ ἐστι πατήρ τινος, ἢ ο; [
Refs]; ἀδελφός, αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὅπερ ἔστιν
the ideal, abstract brother, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; less frequently agreeing with the
substantive, ἵνα αὐτὴ δικαιοσύνη πρὸς ἀδικίαν αὐτὴν κριθείη[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
its very self, [
Refs]
I.5 in
dative with
substantive,
in one, together, ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σὺν φόρμιγγι he sprang up lyre
in hand, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αὐτῇ σὺν πήληκι κάρη helmet
and all,[
Refs 8th c.BC+] men
and all, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτοῖσι συμμάχοισι allies
and all, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.6 added to ordinal Numbers, e.g. πέμπτος αὐτός
himself the fifth, i. e.
himself with four others, [
NT+5th c.BC+]
I.7 frequently coupled with οὗτος, τοῦτ᾽ αὐτό ἐστι τὸ ζητηθέν[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ταῦτα ἥκω αὐτὰ ἵνα.. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.8 καὶ αὐτός
himself too, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
I.9 repeated in apodosi for emphasis, αὐτὸς ἐπαγγειλάμενος σώσειν.. αὐτὸς ἀπώλεσεν[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.10 in connexion with the person.
pronoun, ἐγὼν αὐτός[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; followed by an
enclitic pronoun, αὐτόν μιν[
Refs 8th c.BC+]
I.10.b with person.
pronoun omitted, αὐτός.. ἧσθαι λιλαίομαι, for ἐγὼ αὐτός, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αὐτὸν ἐλέησον, for ἐμὲ αὐτόν,[
Refs 8th c.BC+] is simply a strengthened form of ο; and so in
Attic dialect, when σὲ αὐτόν, ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, etc., are read divisim, they are emphatic, not reflexive; in this case αὐτός generally precedes the person.
pronoun,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.10.c with the reflexive ἑαυτοῦ, αὑτοῦ, etc., to add force and definiteness, αὐτὸς καθ᾽ αὑτοῦ[
Refs 4th c.BC+]; αὐτοὶ ὑφ᾽ αὑτῶν[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; sometimes between the
Article and
reflexive pronoun, τοῖς αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πήμασιν βαρύνεται[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.10.d αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν with
possessive pronoun, πατρὸς κλέος ἠδ᾽ ἐμὸν αὐτοῦ[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; τοῖς οἷσιν αὐτοῦ[
Refs 8th c.BC+]
I.10.e αὐτὸς ἑαυτοῦ with
comparative and
superlative adjective, αὐτὸς ἑωυτοῦ ῥέει πολλῷ ὑποδεέστερος[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.11 αὐτός for ὁ αὐτός,
the same, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], and in later Prose, αὐταῖς ταῖς ἡμέραις[
NT+2nd c.AD+]
I.12 comparative αὐτότερος[
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
superlative αὐτότατος
his very self, [
Refs 5th c.BC+].
adverb,
comparative αὐτοτέρως[
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II he, she, it, for the simple
pronoun of 3
person, only in oblique cases (except in later Gk., [
NT], and rarely first in a sentence, [
NT+5th c.BC+]: rare in
Epic dialect, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], and mostly emphatic,[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Trag., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: in Prose, to recall a Noun used earlier in the sentence, ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν βασιλέα.. οὐκ οἶδα ὅ τι δεῖ αὐτὸν ὀμόσαι[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; after a Relative, ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται.. ἔκλυον αὐτοῦ[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially where a second Verb requires a change of case in the
pronoun, οἳ ἂν ἐξελεγχθῶσι.. ὡς προδότας αὐτοὺς ὄντας τιμωρηθῆναι[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; later, pleonastically after a Relative, ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν[
NT+5th c.BC+]
III with
Article ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό, and
Attic dialect contraction αὑτός, αὑτή, ταὐτό and ταὐτόν (as required by the metre,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
plural neuter ταὐτ;
Ionic dialect ὡυτός, τὠυτό:—
the very one, the same, rare in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: with
dative, to denote sameness or agreement, especially in Prose, τὠυτὸ ἂν ὑμῖν ἐπρήσσομεν[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ αὐτὸς τῷ λίθῳ
the same as the stone, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν ταὐτῷ εἶναί τινι to be
in the place with.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; προσίεσθαί τινα ἐς ταὐτὸ ἑαυτῷ to have a person
meet one,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
face to face, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]
III.2 in later Greek,
the said, the above-named, Ἡρώδης ὁ αὐ.[
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
IV Adverbial phrases:
IV.1 αὐτὸ μόνον
simply, merely, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
IV.2 αὐτό as
adverb, =ἄρτι, [
Refs]
IV.3 αὐτὸ τοῦτο as
adverb, [
NT+2nd c.BC+]
IV.4 with Preps., ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό
added together, making a total, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; κατὰ τὸ αὐτό
together, at the same time,[
NT], etc.; but κατ᾽ αὐτό
just then, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
V In Compos.:
V.1 of or
by oneself, self-.., as in αὐτοδίδακτος, αὐτογνώμων, αὐτόματος: and so,
independently, as in αὐτοκράτωρ, αὐτόνομος.
V.2 hence,
as a second self, very.., bodily, as with proper names, Αὐτοθαΐς.
V.3 in the abstract, the ideal, see above[
Refs]
V.4 precisely, as in αὐτόδεκα.
V.5 rarely with
reflexive sense of ἀλλήλων, as in αὐτοκτονέω.
V.6 in one piece with, together with, as in αὐτόκωπος, αὐτοχείλης, αὐτόπρεμνος, αὐτόρριζος.
V.7 by itself: hence,
only, as in αὐτόξυλος, αὐτόποκος.—For αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶς, etc., see the respective Arts.
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
