ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε,
demonstrative pronoun,
this, formed by adding the
enclitic -δε to the old
demonstrative pronoun ὁ, ἡ, τό, and declined like it through all cases:
Epic dialect dative plural τοῖσδεσσι, τοῖσδεσσιν, as well as τοῖσδε, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:
Aeolic dialect genitive plural τῶνδεων [
Refs 7th c.BC+]; ταδή [
Refs 5th c.BC+] —ὅδε, likeοὗτος, is opposed to ἐκεῖνος, to designate what is
nearer as opposed to to what is
more remote; but ὅδε refers more distinctly to
what is present, to
what can be seen or
pointed out, though this distinction is sometimes not observed, e.g. ξύμπας Ἀχαιῶν λαός, ἐν δὲ τοῖσδ᾽ ἐγώ [
Refs 5th c.BC+];— τοῦτον, ὅνπερ εἰσορᾷς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I of Place, to point out
what is present or
before one, Ἕκτορος ἥδε γυνή
this is, or
here is, the wife of Hector, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; in Comedy texts, ἐγὼ σιωπῶ τῷδ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; and in Prose, ὧν Θεόδωρος εἷς ὅδε [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of what belongs to
this world, [
Refs]
I.2 with Verbs of action, =
here, ἀνδρί, ὅστις ὅδε κρατέει who holds sway
here, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔγχος μὲν τόδε κεῖται ἐπὶ χθονός
here it lies, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἥδ᾽ ἡ κορώνη.. λέγει the crow
here.., variant in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
here comes.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
falsa lectio in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.3 with a
person pronoun, ὅδ᾽ ἐγὼ.. ἤλυθον
here am I come, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἡμεῖς οἵδε περιφραζώμεθα let us
here.., [
Refs]; δῶρα δ᾽ ἐγὼν ὅδε.. παρασχέμεν
here am I [ready] to provide.., [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: with a
proper name, ὅδ᾽ εἰμ᾽ Ὀρέστης [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
I.4 also with τίς and other
interrogative words, τίς δ᾽ ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπετα; who is
this following her? [
Refs]; τί κακὸν τόδε πάσχετ; what is
this evil ye are suffering? [
Refs]; πρὸς ποῖον ἂν τόνδ᾽.. ἔπλε; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.5 in Trag. dialogue, ὅδε and ὅδ᾽ ἀνήρ, =ἐγώ, [
Refs]; γυναικὸς τῆσδε, for ἐμοῦ, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ξὺν τῇδε χερί with
this hand
of mine, [
Refs]
I.6 in [
Refs 4th c.BC+] designates a
particular thing, 'such and such', τοδὶ διὰ τοδὶ αἱρεῖται [
Refs]; ἥδε ἡ ἰατρική, opposed to αὐτὴ ἡ ἰ., [
Refs]; τόδε τι a
this, i.e. a fully specified particular, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; πορευσόμεθα εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν [
NT]
II of Time, to indicate
the immediate present, ἥδ᾽ ἡμέρα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; but νυκτὸς τῆσδε in the night
just past, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ on
this present journey, [
Refs]; also ἀπόλλυμαι τάλας ἔτος τόδ᾽ ἤδη δέκατον now for
these ten years, [
Refs]; τῶνδε τῶν ἀσκητῶν athletes
of the present day, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2 ἐς τόδε elliptic with
genitive, ἐς τόδ᾽ ἡμέρας [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πῶς ἐς τόδ᾽ ἂν τόλμης ἔβ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III in sentences beginning
this is.., the Engl.
this is frequently represented by
nominative plural neuter τάδ; ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἔρανος τάδε γ᾽ ἐστίν
this is not an ἔρανος, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἆρ᾽ οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ; is not
this insolence? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of persons, Ἀπόλλων τάδ᾽ ἦν
this was [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τάδ᾽ οὐχὶ Πελοπόννησος, ἀλλ᾽ Ἰωνία Inscription cited in [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
III.2 to indicate something
immediately to come, τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ (which then follows) [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; see at οὗτος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἐκεῖνος, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] [La_us] πρὸς τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν, οὐδὲ τοῦδ᾽ ὕπο [by Oedipus] [
Refs]
III.3 as 'antecedent' to a defining Relat., ὃν πόλις στήσειε, τοῦδε χρὴ κλύειν [
Refs 8th c.BC+] is separate, as ὃς δέ κε μηρίνθοιο τύχῃ.., ὁ δ᾽ οἴσεται ἡμιπέλεκκα [
Refs 8th c.BC+] sometimes has its deictic force and the
relative clause merely explains, as νήσου τῆσδ᾽ ἐφ᾽ ἧς ναίει [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
IV Adverbial usage of some cases:
IV.1 τῇδε,
IV.1.a of Place,
here, on the spot, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
IV.1.b of Manner,
thus, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV.2 accusative neuter τόδε with ἱκάνω, etc.,
hither, to this spot, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
IV.2.b therefore, on this account, τόδε χώεο [
Refs]: so also
accusative plural neuter, τάδε γηθήσειε
on this account, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
IV.3 dative plural neuter, τοισίδε
in or
with these words, τοισίδε ἀμείβεται [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοισίδε προέχει
in these respects, [
Refs]
Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
