Библейское слово «πικρός» в греческих словарях

πικρός 3, редко 2

1) острый, остроконечный (ὀϊστός Hom.; γλωχίς Soph.);

2) горький (ῥίζα Hom.); горько-солёный (δάκρυον Hom.);

3) едкий, острый (ὀδμή Hom.);

4) пронзительный (οἰμωγή Soph.);

5) резкий, мучительный (ὠδῖνες Hom.);

6) прискорбный, горестный, тяжёлый (τιμωρία Aesch.; ἀγών Soph.): ἐμοὶ ~ τέθνηκεν ᾖ κείνοις γλυκύς Soph. мне его (т._е. Эанта) смерть — горе, а другим — радость;

7) скорбящий, печальный (ὄρνις Soph.);

8) тягостный, неприятный (δεσμοί Eur.; γειτονία Plat.);

9) ненавистный (θεοῖς Soph.);

10) резкий, жестокий, суровый (νόμοι Arph.; λόγοι Eur.; δικαστής Polyb.; ζῆλον NT).

πικρός, -ά, -όν
(poët. in cl.), [in LXX chiefly for מַר ;]
1. sharp, pointed.
2. sharp to the senses; of taste, bitter: opposite to γλυκύ, Jas.3:11 metaphorically, harsh, bitter: Jas.3:14
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

πικρός, ά, όν,
poetry also ός, όν [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—properly pointed, sharp, keen, ὀϊστός [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II generally, sharp to the sense:
II.1 of taste, pungent, ῥίζα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of salt water, opposed to γλυκύς, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἁλμυρὸς καὶ π. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πριγλία π. [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἀπ᾽ ὄμφακος πικρᾶς [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὑγρότης π., opposed to ὀξεῖα, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; also of smell, pungent, [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.2 of feeling, sharp, keen, ὠδῖνες [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.3 of sound, piercing, shrill, οἰμωγά [Refs]; γόοι, ὄδυρμα, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
III metaphorically,
III.1 of things, bitter, especially of what yields pain instead of expected pleasure, frequently in threats, μὴ τάχα πικρὴν Αἴγυπτον καὶ Κύπρον ἵκηαι (variantἴδηαι) [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τιμωρία, ἀγῶνες, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δύαι, χεῖμα, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, μὴ λίαν πικρὸν εἰπεῖν ᾖ [Refs 4th c.BC+]
III.2 so of persons, probably in [Refs 7th c.BC+]; γλυκὺν ὧδε φίλοις ἐχθροῖσι δὲ π. [Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. θεοῖς hateful to them, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐμοὶ π. τέθνηκεν ἢ κείνοις γλυκύς his death is matter of sorrow to me, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δαίμων π., of untimely death (Latin acerbus), [Refs]
III.3 embittered, angry, πικρὰ ὄρνις [Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.4 relentless, οὐδὲν πικρότερον τῆς ἀνάγκης [Refs 5th c.BC+]; spiteful, mean, vindictive, βάσκανον καὶ πικρὸν καὶ κακόηθες οὐδέν ἐστι πολίτευμα ἐμόν [Refs 4th c.BC+]: in Comedy texts of old men, σκυθρός, π., φειδωλός [Refs 4th c.BC+] adverb -ρῶς pedantically, [Refs 1st c.BC+]; with rigid accuracy, [Refs 1st c.BC+]
IV adverb -ρῶς harshly, bitterly, vindictively, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἔχειν τισί, πρός τινας, [NT+5th c.BC+]: comparative -ότερον[Refs 4th c.BC+]: superlative -ότατα[Refs 8th c.BC+] and Epic dialect; ῐ frequently in Trag., as [Refs 5th c.BC+]: ι therefore is not long by nature as in μικρός.] Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0