Библейское слово «λύω» в греческих словарях

λύω (ῠ, в fut. и aor. ῡ)

1) отвязывать (ζυγόν, πρυμνήσια Her.): ~ πρύμνας (ср. 10) или νεῶν πόδα Eur. отвязывать кормы, т._е. сниматься с якорей;

2) отпрягать, распрягать (ἵππους ἐξ ὀχέων или ὑφ᾽ ἅρμασιν Hom.);

3) развязывать, отстёгивать, распускать (ζώνην, θώρηκα Hom.; στολάς Soph.): ~ κλῇθρα Aesch. разматывать замочный ремень, т._е. отпирать;

4) открывать, разверзать (στόμα Eur.): ~ βλεφάρων ἕδραν Eur. разомкнуть вежды (ср. 7);

5) вскрывать, распечатывать (γράμματα Eur.; σφραγῖδας NT);

6) освобождать, отпускать на волю (τινὰ δεσμῶν Aesch. и ἐκ τῶν δεσμῶν Plat.; εἱρκτῆς τινα Dem.; ἐκ τῆς φυλακῆς NT);

7) отпускать, ослаблять (ἡνίαν Soph.): ~ βλέφαρα Soph. смыкать вежды (ср. 4); τί δ᾽ ἐγώ, ἅπτουσ᾽ ἂν ἢ λύουσα, προσθείμην πλέον; Soph. как же могла бы я помочь теми или иными действиями?;

8) распускать (по домам) (ἀγορήν Hom.);

9) физиол. расслаблять (τὴν κοιλίαν Arst.);

10) разрушать, ломать (Τροίης κρήδεμνα Hom.; γέφυραν Xen.; ἡ πρύμνα ἐλύετο ὑπὸ τῆς βίας τῶν κυμάτων NT — ср. 1): ~ γούνατά τινος и τινι Hom. переламывать кому-л. колени, т._е. убивать кого-л.; λύεται δέ μου μέλη Eur. члены мои слабеют;

11) расстраивать, рассеивать, разбивать (τάξιν Xen.);

12) разъединять, разрывать: λελύσθαι ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλων Xen. не общаться друг с другом;

13) нарушать, расторгать (σπονδάς Thuc.; ἐντολάς NT);

14) избавлять (κακότητος Hom.; ἐκ πενθέων Pind.);

15) утолять, унимать (τὰς ὠδῖνας τοῦ θανάτου NT);

16) пресекать, прерывать: ~ μένος τινί Hom. пресечь чью-л. жизнь;

17) кончать, оканчивать (βίον Eur. и τὸ τέλος βίου Soph.); прекращать, заканчивать (μάχην Arph.; νεῖκος Hom.; ἔριν Eur.);

18) разрешать от грехов (ὃ ἐὰν λύσῃς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται λελυμένον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς NT);

19) отменять, объявлять недействительным (νόμους Her.; ψῆφον Dem.; διαθήκας Isae.);

20) (раз)решать (ἀπορίαν Plat.; αἴνιγμα Luc.);

21) выполнять, осуществлять (τοῦ θεοῦ μαντεῖα Soph.);

22) возмещать, искупать, заглаживать (τὰς ἁμαρτίας Arph.; φόνον φόνῳ Soph.);

23) выплачивать, платить (μισθούς Xen.): ~ τέλη Soph. платить дань, приносить доход, т._е. быть полезным;

24) приносить пользу, иметь значение (λύει δ᾽ ἄλγος Eur.): ἐμοί τε λύει Eur. для меня же важно; λελύσθαι μοι δοκεῖ Xen. мне кажется, что (это) оказалось полезным;

25) рит. разбивать, опровергать (τὸν παραλογισμόν Arst.);

26) (о драматургах) приводить к развязке (πολλοὶ δὲ πλέξαντες εὖ λύουσι κακῶς Arst.);

27) смещать, увольнять (τινὰ ἀρχῆς Diod.);

28) стих. разрешать долгий слог (в два кратких).

λύω
[in LXX for פָּתַח, נָתַר hi., etc. ;]
1. to loose, unbind, release: of things, Mrk.1:7, Luk.3:16, al.; of beasts, Mat.21:2, Luk.13:15, al.; of persons, Jhn.11:44, Act.22:30; of Satan, Rev.20:3, 7; metaphorically, of the marriage tie, 1Co.7:27 of one diseased, Luk.13:16 of release from sin, Rev.1:5, WH, R, txt. (see: λούω).
2. To resolve a whole into its parts, loosen, dissolve, break up, destroy: Jhn.2:19, Act.27:41, Rev.5:2; metaphorically, 2Pe.3:11 of an assembly, to dismiss: Act.13:43 τ. μεσότοιχον τ. φραγμοῦ, Eph.2:14 τ. στοιχεῖα, 2Pe.3:10 οὐρανοί, 2Pe.3:12 τ. ἔργα τ. διαβόλου, 1Jn.3:8 τ. ὠδῖνας τ. θανάτου, Act.2:24 of laws, etc., to break, annul, cancel (MM, xvi): ἐντολήν, Mat.5:19 τ. νόμον, Jhn.7:23 τ. σάββατον, Jhn.5:18 τ. γραφήν, Jhn.10:35
(cf. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, δια-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, κατα-, παρα-λύω.)
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

λύω,
poetry imperative λῦθι [Refs 5th c.BC+]future λύσω [ῡ] [Refs 8th c.BC+]: aorist ἔλῡσα [Refs]: perfect λέλῠκα [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.:— passive, perfect λέλῠμαι [Refs 8th c.BC+], etc.: pluperfect ἐλελύμην [ῠ] [Refs 8th c.BC+], etc.: aorist ἐλύθην, Epic dialect λύθην [ῠ] [Refs 5th c.BC+]: future λῠθήσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]aorist passive λύμην [ῠ] [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λύτο [ῠ[Refs]; λύντο [Refs]: also 3rd.pers. singular optative perfect λελῦτο [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—middle, future λύσομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: aorist ἐλυσάμην [Refs]perfect passive λέλῦμαι in middle sense, [Refs 4th c.BC+]future λύσομαι in passive sense, (δια-) [Refs 5th c.BC+]—Homer uses all tenses except perfect active, present and future passive [In present and imperfect ῡ always in Attic dialect, ῠ mostly in Epic dialect, though [Refs 8th c.BC+] has ῡ twice, ἔλῡεν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also in compounds, ἀλλῡεσκεν [Refs]future and aorist 1 ῡ always: in other tenses ῠ always, except in the forms λελῦτο, λῦτο (see. above).] (Cf. Latin luo (pay), re-luo, solvo (for se-luo), solūtus, etc.):—loosen:
I of things, unbind, unfasten, especially clothes and armour, λῦσε δέ οἱ ζωστῇρα, θώρηκα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λ. παρθενίην ζώνην loose the maiden-girdle, of the husband after marriage, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of the wife, λύοι χαλινὸν ὑφ᾽ ἥρωϊ παρθενίας [Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently of the tackling of ships, λ. πρυμνήσια, ἱστία, λαῖφος, etc., [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λ. πρύμνας, νεῶν πόδα, [Refs 5th c.BC+], of ships, set sail, λῦε, κυβερνήτα [Refs]; ἀσκὸν λ. untie a skin (used as a bag), [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λ. ἡνίαν slacken the rein, [Refs]; κλῄθρων λυθέντων when the gates have been opened, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; λ. γράμματα, δέλτον, open a letter, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. πέδας, δεσμά, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀρτάνας.. δέρης ἔλυσαν loosed it from my neck,[Refs 5th c.BC+] —middle, ἀπὸ στήθεσφιν ἐλύσατο κεστὸν ἱμάντα undid her belt, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; but λύοντο τεύχεα they undid the armour for themselves, i.e. stripped it off (others), [Refs]; later λυσαμένα πλοκαμῖδας unbinding her hair, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]
I.b in various phrases, στόμα λ. open the mouth, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. βλεφάρων ἕδραν wake up, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. ὀφρύν unfold the brow, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2 of living beings,
I.2.a of horses, etc., unyoke, unharness, opposed to ζεύγνυμι, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐξ ὀχέων, ὑπὲξ ὀχέων, [Refs 8th c.BC+] unyoke our horses, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λύε μώνυχας ἵππους loosed them, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λ. κύνα let him loose, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2.b of men, release, deliver, especially from bonds or prison, and so, generally, from difficulty or danger, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁ λύσων he that shall deliver, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also λ. δόμους ἁβρότατος rob the house of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. τινὰ τῆς ἀρχῆς depose him from.., [Refs 1st c.BC+]:—middle, properly get one loosed or set free, λύσασθαί τινα δυσφροσυνάων [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, λυθῆναι τὰς πέδας [Refs 1st c.BC+]; λέλυται γὰρ λαὸς ἐλεύθερα βάζειν, ὡς ἐλύθη ζυγὸν ἀλκᾶς has been let loose to speak, since the yoke was loosed, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
I.2.c of prisoners, release on receipt of ransom, admit to ransom, release, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Σαρπηδόνος ἔντεα καλὰ λύσειαν would give them up, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀνὴρ ἀντ᾽ ἀνδρὸς λυθείς [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, release by payment of ransom, get a person released, redeem, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἑαυτοὺς λ. pay their own ransom, [Refs]; buy from a pimp, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2.d λελύσθαι τῶν νόμων, = Latin legibus solvi, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
I.3 give up, [θρόνον] λῦσον ἄμμιν [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II resolve a whole into its parts, dissolve, break up, λ. ἀγορήν dissolve the assembly, [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, λῦτο δ᾽ ἀγών [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρὶν [ἂν].. ἡ ἀγορὰ (market) λυθῇ [Refs 2nd c.BC+]
II.2 of concrete objects, σπάρτα λέλυνται, i. e. have rotted, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λ. τὴν σχεδίην break it up, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; [τὴν γέφυραν] [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3 especially of physical strength, loosen, i. e. weaken, relax, λῦσε δὲ γυῖα made his limbs slack or loose, i. e. killed him, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; but οἵ μοι καμάτῳ.. γούνατ᾽ ἔλυσαν made my knees weak with toil, [Refs 8th c.BC+] —passive, λύντο δὲ γυῖα, etc., as the effect of death, sleep, weariness, fear, [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.3.b λύει βλέφαρα closes her eyes in sleep, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3.c metaphorically, λ. τὴν ἐν ταῖς ψυχαῖς πρὸς μάχην παρασκευήν [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.4 undo, bring to naught, destroy, πολίων κάρηνα [Refs 8th c.BC+]: generally, put an end to, νείκεα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; βίον, i.e. die, [Refs]; αἰῶν᾽ ἔλυσε, i.e. died, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μαχας [Refs 5th c.BC+]; forgive, ἁμαρτήματα [LXX]
II.4.b in Prose, λ. νόμους repeal or annul laws, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐθὲν τῶν περὶ τὴν πολιτείαν[Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐπεὶ ἐκεῖνοι ἔλυσαν τὰς σπονδὰς λελύσθαι μοι δοκεῖ ἡ ἐκείνων ὕβρις καὶ ἡ ἡμετέρα ὑποψία [Refs 5th c.BC+]; rescind a vote, ψῆφον λύει ὁ νόμος [Refs 4th c.BC+]; revoke a will, διαθήκην [Refs 4th c.BC+] (but in passive, to be opened, of a will, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; unbind a spell, [Refs 4th c.AD+] —passive, λέλυται πάντα all ties are broken, all is in confusion, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.4.c as a technical term, solve a difficulty, a problem, a question, λύεται ἡ ἀπορία [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.4.d refute an argument, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.4.e unravel the plot of a tragedy, opposed to πλέκειν, [Refs]
II.4.f λ. τὴν φάσιν, of the Moon, pass out of, [Refs]
II.5 break a legal agreement or obligation, τὸν νόμον [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σίς κε τὰς ϝρήτας τάσδε λύση whoso breaks this agreement, [Refs]
II.6 in physical sense, dissolve, λύθεν, opposed to πάγεν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ θερμὸν λύει, opposed to πήγνυσι, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀμμωνιακὸν ὄξει λύσας [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; melt, παγείσας χιόνας [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II.7 of medicines, λ. τὴν κοιλίαν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so of the effects of terror, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.8 resolve [musical notation] into [musical notation], in passive, [Refs 1st c.AD+]
III solve, fulfil, accomplish, τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ μαντεῖα [Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV atone for, make up for, τὰς πρότερον ἁμαρτίας [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, τῶν πάλαι πεπραγμένων λύσασθ᾽ αἷμα.. δίκαις [Refs 4th c.BC+]
V μισθὸν λύειν pay wages in full, quit oneself of them, used only in cases of obligation, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
V.2 τέλη λύειν, =λυσιτελεῖν, pay, profit. avail, ἔνθα μὴ τέλη λύει φρονοῦντι where it boots not to be wise, [Refs 5th c.BC+], construed likeλυσιτελεῖ, absolutely, λύει δ᾽ ἄλγος [Refs 5th c.BC+]infinitive, πῶς οὖν λύει.. ἐπιβάλλει; [Refs]; ἐμοί τελύειτοῖσιμέλλουσιν τέκνοις τὰ ζῶντ᾽ ὀνῆσαι it is good for me to benefit my living children by means of those to come,[Refs 2nd c.BC+]infinitive, λύει γὰρ ἡμᾶς οὐδέν, οὐδ᾽ ἐπωφελεῖ,.. θανεῖν it is not expedient that we should die (οὐδ᾽ ἐπωφελεῖ being parenthetic), [Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare λυσιτελέω. Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0