Библейское слово «φύσις» в греческих словарях

φύσις, εως, редко поэт. εος (ῠ) ἡ

1) природные свойства, природа, характер (Αἰγύπτου Her.; ἡ εὐγενὴς ~ Soph.; αἱ φύσεις τῶν πολιτειῶν Isocr.): μορφῆς ~ Aesch. наружность; φύσεως ἰσχύς Thuc. сила характера; ~ τῆς ψυχῆς Xen. душевные качества; ἡ τοῦ αἵματος ~ Arst. природные свойства крови; τῇ φύσει χρώμενος Plut. следуя (своей) натуре; αἱ τοιαῦται φύσεις Soph. подобные натуры (ср. 6);

2) природа, естество: ἡ τῶν πάντων ~ Xen. вся природа, вселенная; φύσει, οὐ νόμῳ Plat. по природе, а не в силу (человеческого) установления; περὶ φύσεως ἄττα διερωτᾶν Plat. расспрашивать о разных явлениях природы; οἱ περὶ φύσεως Arst. естествоиспытатели; φύσει ἦν, ὥσπερ τὸ βαδίζειν Xen. это было (столь же) естественно, как хождение; κατὰ φύσιν Plat. согласно природе; παρὰ φύσιν Thuc. вопреки природе; ὃ φύσιν ἔχει γίνεσθαι Polyb. что обыкновенно бывает; οὐ γὰρ ἔχει φύσιν Plut. ведь невозможно; κῶς φύσιν ἔχει πολλὰς μυριάδας φονεῦσαι; Her. как возможно, чтобы (Геракл) перебил (такое) множество людей?;

3) вещество, материал: κλίνης ~ τὸ ξύλον, ἀνδριάντος δ᾽ ὁ χαλκός Arst. вещество ложа — дерево, а статуи — медь;

4) наружный вид, внешность: φύσιν τίν᾽ εἶχε; Soph. какова была его наружность?;

5) род, природа: θνητὴ ~ Soph. род смертных, т._е. человеческий род; ἡ τῶν θηλειῶν ~ Xen. женский пол, женщины; πόντου εἰναλία ~ Soph. животный мир морей; ἡ ~ τῶν πεζῶν (sc. ζῷων) Arst. класс наземных животных;

6) создание, творение, существо, тварь: φύσεις καρποφοροῦσαι Diod. плодоносящие существа, т._е. растения; αἱ τοιαῦται φύσεις презрительно Isocr., Aeschin. подобные твари (ср. 1);

7) происхождение, рождение: ἐκ πατρὸς ταὐτοῦ φύσιν ἔκ τε μητρός Soph. (дочь) того же отца и той же матери; φύσει νεώτερος Soph. младший по рождению, т._е. годами; ἣ φύσει ἦν βασίλεια Soph. которая была царственного происхождения; ὁ κατὰ φύσιν πατήρ Polyb. родной отец;

8) (иногда описательно, для подчёркивания сущности предмета): καὶ γὰρ ἂν πέτρου φύσιν σύ γ᾽ ὀργάνειας Soph. ведь и самый камень ты мог бы вывести из терпения; ἡ ὑγιείας ~ Plat. самое здоровье, т._е. здоровье как таковое; πρὸς αἵματος φύσιν τις Soph. кто-л. близкий по крови.

φύσις, -εως, ἡ
(φύω) [in LXX: Wis.7:20; 13:1; 19:20 אΑ, 3Ma.3:29, 4Ma.1:20 4Mac 5:7-8 4Mac 5:25 4Mac 13:27 4Mac 15:13 4Mac 15:25 4Mac 16:3 * ;]
nature, i.e.,
(a) the nature (natural powers or constitution) of a person or thing: Jas.3:7, 2Pe.1:4;
τέκνα φυσει ὀργῆς, Eph.2:3
(b) origin, birth (Soph., Xen., al.): Rom.2:27, Gal.2:15;
(with) nature, i.e. the regular order or law of nature: 1Co.11:14 dative, φύσει adverbially, by nature, Rom.2:14, Gal.4:8; παρὰ φύσιν, against nature, Rom.1:26; 11:24; καρὰ φ., according to nature, naturally, Rom.11:21, 24.†
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

φύσις [ῠ], ἡ,
genitive φύσεως, poetry φύσεος probably (for the sake of meter) in [Refs 5th c.BC+] (variantφύση) [Refs 5th c.BC+], (φύω):
I origin, φ. οὐδενός ἐστιν ἁπάντων θνητῶν οὐδὲ.. τελευτή [Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently of persons, birth, φύσει νεώτερος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φύσει, opposed to θέσει (by adoption), [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; so ὁ κατὰ φύσιν πατήρ, υἱός, ἀδελφός, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; also in accusative, ἐκ πατρὸς ταὐτοῦ φύσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἢ φίλων τις ἢ πρὸς αἵματος φύσιν[Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2 growth, τριχῶν, παιδίου, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II the natural form or constitution of a person or thing as the result of growth (οἷον ἕκαστόν ἐστι τῆς γενέσεως τελεσθείσης, ταύτην φαμὲν τὴν φ. εἶναι ἑκάστου [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.1 nature, constitution, once in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; αἵματος, ἀέρος, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2 outward form, appearance, μέζονας ἢ κατ᾽ ἀνθρώπων φύσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἢ νόον ἤτοι φύσιν either in mind or outward form, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δρακαίνης φ. ἔχουσαν ἀγρίαν probably in [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3 in Medicine texts, constitution, temperament, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3.b natural place or position of a bone or joint, ἀποπηδᾶν ἀπὸ τῆς φ., ἐς τὴν φ. ἄγεσθαι, [Refs]
II.4 of the mind, one's nature, character, ἦθος ἕκαστον, ὅπῃ φ. ἐστὶν ἑκάστῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. φρενός [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. φιλόσοφος, τυραννική, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Σόλων.. ἦν φιλόδημος τὴν φ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φύσεως ἰσχύς force of natural powers, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φύσεως κακία badness of natural disposition, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; χρῶ τῇ φύσει, i.e. give rein to your natural propensities, [NT+5th c.BC+]
II.4.b instinct in animals, etc., [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II.5 frequently in periphrases, καὶ γὰρ ἂν πέτρου φύσιν σύ γ᾽ ὀργάνειας, i.e. would'st provoke a stone, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ φ. τῆς ἀσθενείας its natural weakness, [Refs]; ἡ φ., with genitive understood, [Refs]
III the regular order of nature, τύχη.. ἀβέβαιος, φ. δὲ αὐτάρκης [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τρίχες κατὰ φύσιν πεφυκυῖαι growing naturally, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to παρὰ φύσιν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; προδότης ἐκ φύσεως a traitor by nature, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; πρὸ τῆς φ. ἥκειν εἰς θάνατον before the natural term, [Refs 5th c.BC+] by nature, naturally, opposed to τύχῃ, τέχνῃ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ μὴ αὑτοῦ φ. ἀλλ᾽ ἄλλου ἄνθρωπος ὤν, οὗτος φ. δοῦλός ἐστιν[Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to νόμῳ (by convention), [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φύσιν ἔχει with infinitive, it is natural, κῶς φύσιν ἔχει πολλὰς μυριάδας φονεῦσαι (i.e. τὸν Ἡρακλέα); [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐκ ἔχει φύσιν it is contrary to nature,[Refs 4th c.BC+]
IV in Philosophy:
IV.1 nature as an originating power, φ. λέγεται.. ὅθεν ἡ κίνησις ἡ πρώτη ἐν ἑκάστῳ τῶν φύσει ὄντων [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἡ δὲ φ. οὐδὲν ἀλόγως οὐδὲ μάτην ποιεῖ[Refs 1st c.AD+]; φ. κοινή, the principle of growth in the universe, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; as Stoic technical term, the inner fire which causes preservation and growth in plants and animals, defined as πῦρ τεχνικὸν ὁδῷ βαδίζον εἰς γένεσιν, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; Nature, personified, χάρις τῇ μακαρίᾳ Φ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]
IV.2 elementary substance, κινδυνεύει ὁ λέγων ταῦτα πῦρ καὶ ὕδωρ καὶ γῆν καὶ ἀέρα πρῶτα ἡγεῖσθαι τῶν πάντων εἶναι καὶ τὴν φ. ὀνομάζειν αὐτὰ ταῦτα [Refs 5th c.BC+]atoms, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
IV.3 concrete, the creation, 'Nature', ἀθανάτου.. φύσεως κόσμον ἀγήρων [Refs 5th c.BC+]; περὶ φύσεως, title of works by Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Gorgias, Epicurus, etc.; [σοφία] ἣν δὴ καλοῦσι περὶ φύσεως ἱστορίαν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; αἱ δύο φ., i.e. heaven and earth, light and darkness, etc., [Refs]
IV.4 [Refs 4th c.BC+] name for two, [Refs]
V as a concrete term, creature, frequently in collective sense, θνητὴ φ. mankind, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πόντου εἰναλία φ. the creatures of the sea, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ τῶν θηλειῶν φ. woman-kind (opposed to τὸ ἄρρεν φῦλον) [Refs 5th c.BC+]: also in plural, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in contemptuous sense, αἱ τοιαῦται φ. such creatures as these, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
V.b of plants or material substances, φ. εὐώδεις καρποφοροῦσαι [Refs 1st c.BC+]
VI kind, sort, species, ταύτην.. ἔχειν βιοτῆς.. φύσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. [ἀλωπεκίδων] species, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; natural group or class of plants, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
VII sex, θῆλυς φῦσα (probably to be read instead of οὖσα) κοὐκ ἀνδρὸς φύσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+]
VII.2 the characteristic of sex, =αἰδοῖον, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: especially of the female organ, [Refs 5th c.BC+] of the testes, [Refs 5th c.BC+] Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0