Библейское слово «χαλεπός» в греческих словарях

χᾰλεπός 3

1) трудный, затруднительный, тяжёлый (ἄεθλος Hom.; ἔργον Arph.; πόνοι Plat.; πορεία Xen.): ῥῆμα χαλεπόν Plat. труднообъяснимое слово; ὁδὸς χαλεπή Plat. труднопроходимая дорога; λιμὴν χαλεπός Hom. малодоступный порт; ~ προσπολεμεῖν Thuc. с которым трудно сражаться;

2) тяжёлый, тяжкий, мучительный, жестокий (ἄλγος, γῆρας Hom.; συμφορά Eur.; βίος, νόσος Xen.; καιροί NT);

3) опасный, страшный (θύελλα, ἄνεμοι Hom.): ~ φαίνεσθαι ἐναργής Hom. он страшен на вид, когда появится;

4) суровый, грозный, строгий (βασιλεύς Hom.; νόμοι Dem.; κριταί, τιμωρία Plat.): ὀργὴν ~ Her. крутого нрава;

5) свирепый, злобный, злой (κύνες Xen.; θηρία Plat.; μέλισσαι Arst.): χαλεπῇ τῇ χειρί Arph. грубой рукой, силой — см. тж. χαλεπόν.

χαλεπός, -ή, -όν
[in LXX: Isa.18:2 (יָרֵא), Wis.3:19, Sir.3:21, al. ;]
hard;
(a) hard to do or deal with, difficult;
(b) hard to bear, painful, grievous: καιροί, 2Ti.3:1
(with) of persons, hard to deal with, harsh, fierce, savage: Mat.8:28†
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

χαλεπ-ός, ή, όν,
difficult (ὃ ἂν μὴ ῥᾴδιον ᾖ ἀλλὰ διὰ πολλῶν πραγμάτων γίγνηται [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I in reference to the feelings, hard to bear, painful, grievous (so frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων - ώτερα [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χαλεπώτατα [πράγματα] [Refs 5th c.BC+]; νόσος, πλάνη, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ ἐσβολὴ αὕτη -ωτάτη τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ἐγένετο [Refs 5th c.BC+]; [θώρακες] δύσφοροι καὶ χ., of ill-fitting cuirasses, [Refs 5th c.BC+] the severity of the wind, [Refs]; τὰ χ. hardships, opposed to τὰ τερπνά, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: comparative, more unpleasant, [Refs 4th c.AD+]
I.2 hard to do or deal with, difficult, irksome, -ώτατον ἔργον ἁπάντων [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χαλεπὰ τὰ καλά proverbial cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+], attributed to Solon by Scholia (at [prev. work]); χαλεπὸν ὁ βίος [Refs 5th c.BC+]infinitive active or middle, χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι, = χαλεπόν ἐστί μοι ἀντιφέρεσθαί σοι, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; χαλεπὸν δέ τ᾽ ὀρύσσειν [τὸ μῶλυ] [Refs 8th c.BC+]; χ. συγγενέσθαι, εὑρεῖν, γενέσθαι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: also with infinitive passive, χαλεπὸς διαγνωσθῆναι καὶ δειχθῆναι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χαλεπόν [ἐστι] with infinitive, 'tis hard, difficult to do, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; with accusative et infinitive, 'tis difficult for one to do.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with dative et infinitive, [Refs 8th c.BC+]
I.3 dangerous, λιμένες [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.4 of ground, difficult, rugged, χωρία χ. καὶ πετρώδη [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χωρίον -ώτατον a place most difficult to take, [Refs]
II of persons, hard to deal with, cruel, harsh, stern (opposed to πρᾷος, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; -ώτερος a more bitter enemy, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; -ώτατοι most difficult to deal with, most dangerous or troublesome, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: with dative person, cruel or harsh towards one, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους, τοὺς ἀγνῶτας, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.b of words, χαλεπῷ ἠνίπαπε μύθῳ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; χ. ὀνείδεα, ὁμοκλαί, [Refs 8th c.BC+]
II.c especially of judges, ἦν τὸ δίκαιον φυλάσσων χ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; νόμοι [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.d savage, fierce, κύνες [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of bees, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; [θηρία] χ. τὰς φύσεις [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2 ill-tempered, testy, χ. ὢν καὶ δύσκολος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χαλεπῇ τῇ χειρί with a rough hand, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3 of plants, hurtful to the soil, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
B adverb -πῶς hardly, with difficulty, διαγνῶναι χ. ἦν ἄνδρα ἕκαστον [Refs 8th c.BC+] οὐ or μὴ χ. without much ado, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.2 hardly, scarcely, δοκέω.. χ. ἂν Ἕλληνας Πέρσῃσι μάχεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.3 χ. ἔχει, =χαλεπόν ἐστι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with accusative et infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.4 painfully, miserably, -ώτερον ζῆν [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II of persons, angrily, cruelly, harshly, χ. τιμωρεῖσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χ. φέρειν τι take it ill, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also χ. ἔφερον τῷ πολέμῳ, τοῖς πράγμασιν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of the laws [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.2 frequently in the phrase χ. ἔχειν to be angry, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τινι with one, [Refs 5th c.BC+] χ. ἔχειν τισὶν ἐπί τινι with persons for a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.II.2.b χ. ἔχειν, also, to be in a bad way, χ. ἔχω ὑπὸ τοῦ πότου [Refs 5th c.BC+]— Beside the regular comparative χαλεπώτερον [Refs 5th c.BC+] we have -ωτέρως[Refs 5th c.BC+]: superlative -ώτατα[Refs 5th c.BC+] Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0