φθείρω,
Aeolic dialect φθέρρω Hdn.Gr. 2.303, +others; [
Refs 4th c.AD+]
φθήρω [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
imperfect φθείρεσκε [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
future φθερῶ [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
Ionic dialect φθερέω (δια-) [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
Epic dialect φθέρσω (δια-) [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:
aorist 1 ἔφθειρα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
perfect ἔφθαρκα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
participle ἐφθορκώς [
Refs 4th c.BC+] —
middle,
future φθεροῦμαι (in
passive sense) [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
Ionic dialect φθερέομαι (δια-) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; later φθαροῦμαι [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—
passive,
future φθᾰρήσομαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+],
Doric dialect -ησοῦμαι[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
aorist ἐφθάρην [ᾰ] [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
poetry 3rd.pers. plural ἔφθαρεν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: also
participle κατα-φθερείς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
perfect ἔφθαρμαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+],
3rd.pers. plural ἐφθάραται [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
infinitive ἐφθάρθαι [
Refs 4th c.BC+],
Aeolic dialect ἔφθορθαι [
Refs]:
pluperfect 3rd.pers. plural ἐφθάρατο [
Refs 5th c.BC+] is much more frequently than the simple Verb:—
destroy things, μῆλα κακοὶ φθείρουσι νομῆες [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φ. τῶν Συρίων τοὺς κλήρους
waste them, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰς ναῦς see reading in [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (also
absolutely,
miscarry, [
Refs]; τὸν κοινὸν οἶκον Mitteis [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]: —
passive,
to be destroyed, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
pass away, cease to be, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; of animals,
perish, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
2 of persons, μαψαῦραι... ναύτας φ.
destroy them, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] (but perhaps only
active of
signification[
Refs 4th c.BC+]:—
passive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔφθαρμαι I
am undone! [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
3 corrupt, bribe, τινα [
Refs 1st c.BC+];
lure, entice, trap, κημοῖσι πλεκτοῖς πορφύρας φθείρει γένος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
entices to its ruin, entraps, [
Refs];
pervert, φθείρουσιν ἤθη χρήσθ᾽ ὁμιλίαι κακαί [
Refs 5th c.BC+] —
passive, see below [
Refs]
3.b seduce a woman, ὑπὸ τῆς θυγατρὸς ἀδικούμενον καὶ Διονυσίου τοῦ φθείραντος αὐτὴν κιναίδου [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]:—
passive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (but not
Attic dialect accusative to [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
4 ruin, spoil, ποσὶν φθείροντα πλοῦτον ἀργυρωνήτους θ᾽ ὑφάς, of one who treads on rich carpets, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; βαφὰς φθείρουσα τοῦ ποικίλματος, of blood, [
Refs]; of a poison, ὧνπερ ἂν θίγῃ, φθείρει τὰ πάντα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δούλην (wet-nurse) μὴ φθείρουσαν τὸ γάλα [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
5 τὰ μιγνύμενα τῶν χρωμάτων οἱ βαφεῖς φθείρεσθαι καὶ φθοράν τὴν μῖξιν ὀνομάζουσιν [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
II passive (compare above 1.1, 2),
II.1 φθείρεσθε (as a curse)
may you perish! ruin take you! [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; φθείρου as an imprecation,
go to the devil! be off! [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
off from her! unhand her, let her go, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] if thou
dost not
depart... [
Refs]
II.1.b with a
preposition, φθείρεσθαι πρὸς τοὺς πλουσίους, of hangers-on and flatterers, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.2 in Medicine texts, ἡ κοιλίη φθαρήσεται
will be deranged, disordered, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3 to be morally corrupted, ἐφθάρη ἡ γῆ ἐναντίον τοῦ θεοῦ [
LXX+3rd c.BC+]; but ἐν Σικυωνίαι ἐφθαρμένους is
falsa lectio forἐν Σικυῶνι διεφθ. (conjecture Sintenis) in [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
II.4 of seafarers,
wander, drift [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ναυτίλους ἐφθαρμένους sailors
driven out of their course, [
Refs]; of shipwrecked persons, νεῶν (ἐκ νεῶν Elmsl.) φθαρέντες [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; also of travellers or wanderers by land, οὐχ ἕνα νομίζων φθείρεται πόλεως νόμον (variantτόπον) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν δεῖ φθείρεσθαι περιόντα (=περιιόντα) τὴν ἀρχὴν ἅπασαν [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; μὴ περιΐδῃς ἀγαθοὺς γείτονας εἰς στενὸν τοῦ καιροῦ φθειρομένους[
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; φθαρῆναι εἰς βάρβαρα ἔθνη (ἐν βαρβάροις ἔθνεσι or ἔθεσι codices) [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; φθαρέντων ἐς ἀλλήλους
falling foul of one another, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II.5 of women, χέρσους φθαρῆναι
pine away in barrenness, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (unless
wander, compare above [
Refs]
ksárati 'flow', later 'wane, perish', Avest. γζ?~Xαρ- and ζ?~Xγαρ- 'flow'.)
Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
