Библейское слово «ἀπο» в греческих словарях

ἀπο- приставка (тж. in_tmesi) со значением:

1) удаления или отделения (ἀποτέμνω);

2) завершения (ἀπεργάζομαι);

3) обратности или возвращения (ἀποδίδωμι);

4) отрицания (ἀποχρήματος);

5) прекращения (ἀπαλγέω);

6) превращения (ἀποθηριόω);

7) прошлого (лат. ex) (ἀποστράτηγος).

ἀπό, ἀπ᾽, перед придых. ἀφ᾽, in_elisione после существ. анастрофически ἄπο praep. cum gen.

1) (при обозначении пространства) от, из, с (~ τοῦ στρατοπέδου Ἀθέναζε Plat.; γᾶς ἀπ᾽ Ἀσίδος ἐλθεῖν Aesch.): ~ τετταράκοντα σταδίων τῆς θαλάττης Diod. в 40 стадиях от моря; ἀφ᾽ ἵππων μάχεσθαι Hom. сражаться с колесницы; ~ χθονὸς ἀΐσσειν Hom. подниматься с земли; ~ τινος γενέσθαι Her. освободиться от чего-л., окончить что-л.; ἀπ᾽ αἰῶνος ὀλέσθαι Hom. расстаться с жизнью, умереть; μένειν ~ τινος Hom. быть вдали от кого-л.; ἅψασθαί τι ~ τινος Hom. привязать что-л. к чему-л.; ~ τραπεζῶν δειπνεῖν Plat. обедать за столами;

2) (при обозначении времени) после, вслед за (~ τούτου Her., Plut.): ~ δείπνου Her. после обеда; εὐθὺς ~ τινος Plut. тотчас же после чего-л.; ~ μέσων νυκτῶν Arph. пополуночи; ὁ ~ τῆς στρατηγίας Plut. бывший полководец;

3) со времени, (начиная) с, с тех пор как (ἀπ᾽ ἀρχῆς Aesch.; ἀφ᾽ ἑσπέρας Xen.): ~ παίδων Xen. с детства; ἀφ᾽ οὗ Thuc. с тех пор как; ~ τοῦ πάνυ ἀρχαίου Thuc. с древнейших времён;

4) вопреки, наперекор (~ δόξης Hom.; ἀπ᾽ ἐλπίδος Aesch.; ~ ἀνθρωπείου τρόπου Thuc.): ~ θυμοῦ εἶναί τινι Hom. быть не по сердцу, быть не по душе, быть ненавистным кому-л.;

5) без (~ ῥυτῆρος σπεύδειν Soph.): ἀπ᾽ ἀκάνθης ῥόδον Anth. роза без шипов; οὐκ ~ γνώμης Soph. не без разумных оснований;

6) мимо, вне: οὐκ ~ σκοποῦ οὐδ᾽ ~ δόξης μυθεῖσθαι Hom. говорить дело; οὐκ ~ τοῦ πράγματος εἶναι Dem. не отклоняться от вопроса;

7) (при указании на средство или образ действия) посредством, путём, по: ἐμῆς ~ χειρός Hom. моей рукой; πεφνεῖν ~ βιοῖο Hom. убить из лука; τὰ πραχθέντα ~ τινος Thuc. совершённое кем-л.; ~ σπουδῆς Hom. всерьёз, ревностно, усердно; ~ τοῦ ἴσου и ~ (τῆς) ἴσης Thuc., Dem. равным образом, одинаково; ~ γλώσσης Her., Thuc. и ~ στόματος Plat. на словах, устно, по памяти; ~ τινος ζώειν Her. или βίον ἔχειν Plut. жить (питаться) чем-л.; κρίνειν ~ τινος Dem. судить на основании чего-л.; ἐπιγνῶναί τινα ~ τινος Polyb. узнать кого-л. по чему-л.; ~ κυάμου Xen. путём голосования; λογίζεσθαι ~ χειρός Arph. считать по пальцам; ~ μιᾶς ὁρμῆς Thuc. в едином порыве, единодушно; ~ τινος δειπνῆσαι Arph. пообедать на чей-л. счёт;

8) (при указании на материал, тему) из, о (~ ξύλου πεποιημένος Her.; εἴδατα ~ μέλιτος Theocr.; ~ τινος συγκεκραμένος καὶ ~ τινος Plat.): τὰ ἐβούλοντο πυθέσθαι ~ τινος Her. то, что они хотели узнать о чём-л.; νόμος κείμενος ~ τινος Arph. закон, установленный относительно чего-л.;

9) (при указании на происхождение, причину, связь; в переводе обычно опускается): οἱ ἀπ᾽ Οἰδίπου Soph. дети (потомки) Эдипа; τρίτος ~ τινος Plat. чей-л. потомок в третьем поколении; οἱ ~ Πελοποννήσου ξύμμαχοι Thuc. пелопоннесские союзники; οἱ ~ τῆς πόλεως Polyb. горожане; οἱ ~ τοῦ Πυθαγόρου Luc. пифагорейцы; οἱ ~ σκηνῆς Plut. актёры; οἱ ~ βήματος Plut. ораторы; οἱ ~ βουλῆς Plut. (в Риме) сенаторы; οἱ ~ τῆς σκέψεως Sext. скептики; ὁ ~ τινος φόβος Xen. внушаемый кем-л. страх; τἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ Soph. зависящее от меня; τὸ ~ σεῦ Her. твоё мнение; ~ τινος θαυμάζεσθαι Thuc. вызывать удивление чем-л.; οἱ ~ γένους Plut. знатные родом, но тж. члены рода; καλεῖσθαι Her. или ἐπωνυμίαν ἔχειν ~ τινος Thuc. называться по чему-л.; ~ δικαιοσύνης Her. из чувства справедливости; ~ τοῦ αὐτομάτου Plat. самопроизвольно; ~ τῆς παρούσης δυνάμεως Xen. в меру наличной возможности; τιμᾶν τινα ~ τινος Plut. чтить кого-л. ради кого-л.; ~ συμφορῶν Thuc. вследствие несчастных случайностей;

10) (при указании на колич. выделение) из (εἷς ~ πολλῶν Soph.);

11) ценою или весом в (~ ταλάντων ἑξήκοντα Dem.; ~ μυρίων χρυσῶν Polyb.).

ἀπό (on the frequently neglect of elision bef. vowels, see Tdf., Pr., 94, WH, App., 146),
prep. with genitive (WM, 462ff.; on its relation to ἐκ, παρά, ὑπό, ib. 456f.), [in LXX for לְ ,בְּ ,מִן ;]
from (i.e. from the exterior).
1. Of separation and cessation;
(1) of motion from a place: Mat.5:29, 30; 7:23, Luk.5:2; 22:41, al.;
(2) in partitive sense (M, Pr., 72, 102, 245; MM, see word; Bl., §40, 2), Mat.9:16; 27:21, Jhn.21:10, Act.5:2, al.; also after verbs of eating, etc.;
(3) of alienation (cl. genitive of separation), after such verbs as λούω (Deiss., BS, 227), λύω, σώζω, παύω, etc.; ἀνάθεμα ἀ., Rom.9:3 ἀποθνήσκειν ἀ., Col.2:20 σαλευθῆναι, 2Th.2:2, καθαρός, -ίζειν, ἀ. (Deiss., BS, 196, 216), Act.20:26, 2Co.7:1, Heb.9:14;
(4) of position, Mat.23:34; 24:31, al.; after μακράν, Mat.8:30 transposed before measures of distance, Jhn.10:18; 21:8, Rev.14:20 (Abbott, JG, 227);
(5) of time, ἀπὸ τ. ὥρας, ἡμέρας, etc., Mat.9:22, Jhn.19:27, Act.20:18, Php.1:5, al.; ἀπ᾽ αἰῶνος, Luk.1:70, al.; ἀπ᾽ ἀρχῆς, etc., Mat.19:4, Rom.1:20; ἀπὸ βρέφους, 2Ti.3:15 ἀφ᾽ ἧς, since, Luk.7:45, al.; ἀπὸ τ. νῦν, Luk.1:48, al.; ἀπὸ τότε, Mat.4:17, al.; ἀπὸ πέρυσι, a year ago, 2Co.8:10; 9:2; ἀπὸ πρωΐ, Act.28:23
(6) of order or rank, ἀπὸ διετοῦς, Mat.2:16 ἀπὸ Ἀβραάμ, Mat.1:17 ἐβδομος ἀπὸ Ἀδάμ, Jude.1:14; ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου, Act.8:10, Heb.8:11; ἄρχεσθαι ἀπό, Mat.20:8, Jhn.8:9, Act.8:35, al.
2. Of origin;
(1) of birth, extraction, and hence, in late writers,
(a) of local extraction (cl. ἐξ; Abbott, JG, 227ff.), Mat.21:11, Mrk.15:43, Jhn.1:45, Act.10:38, al.; οἱ ἀπὸ Ἰταλίας (WM, §66, 6; M, Pr., 237; Westc, Rendall, in l.), Heb.13:24
(b) of membership in a community or society (BL, §40, 2), Act.12:1, al.;
(with) of material (= cl. genitive; Bl. l.with; M, Pr., 102), Mat.3:4; 27:21;
(d) after verbs of asking, seeking, etc., Luk.11:50, 51 1Th.2:6 (Milligan, in l.);
(2) of the cause, instrument, means or occasion (frequently = ὑπό, παρά, and after verbs of learning, hearing, knowing, etc.; Bl., §40, 3), Mat.7:16; 11:29, Luk.22:45, Act.2:22; 4:36; 9:13; 12:14, 1Co.11:23, Gal.3:2, al.; ἀπὸ τ. ὄχλου, Luk.19:3 (cf. Jhn.21:6, Act.22:11); ἀπὸ τ. φόβου, Mat.14:26, al. (cf. Mat.10:26; 13:44).
3. Noteworthy Hellenistic phrases: φοβεῖσθαι ἀπό (M, Pr., 102, 107); προσέχειν ἀπό (M, Pr., 11. with; Milligan, NTD, 50); ἀπὸ νότου (Heb. מִגֶּנֶב), Rev.21:13 ἀπὸ προσώπου (מִפְּנֵי), 2Th.1:9 (Bl., §40, 9); ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν (בְּלֵב), Mat.18:35 ἀπὸ ὁ ὤν (WM, §10, 2; M, Pr., 9), Rev.1:4
4. In composition, ἀπό denotes separation, departure, origin, etc. (ἀπολύω, ἀπέρχομαι, ἀπογράφω); it also has a perfective force (M, Pr., 112, 247), as in ἀφικνεῖσθαι, which see
(AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

ἀπό,
Aeolic dialect, Thess., [Refs 7th c.BC+], etc.:—preposition usually with Gen. but see below [Refs 5th c.BC+] (Cf. Sanskrit
A ápa, Latin ab, Umbr. ap-ehtre 'ab extra', Gothic af, O[Refs 5th c.BC+] af, cef, of, etc.) Orig. sense, from. [ᾰπο?~X: where ἀπο ¯ is found in Epic dialect before see or liquids (as ἀπὸ ἕθεν[Refs 8th c.BC+] was sometimes written in later texts,[Refs] — ᾱ for the sake of meter in _Epic dialect_ compounds, such as ἀπονέεσθαι.]
A.I OF PLACE, the earliest, and in [Refs 8th c.BC+]
A.I.1 of Motion, from, away from, ἐσσεύοντο νεῶν ἄπο καὶ κλισιάων[Refs 8th c.BC+]; pleonastic, ἀ. Τροίηθεν[LXX+8th c.BC+]; also ἀπ᾽ αἰῶνος νέος ὤλεο, implying departure from life, [Refs]; opposed to ἐξ, of relatively superficial motion, λαμβάνομεν οὔτε ἐκ τῆς γῆς οὐδέν, οὔτ᾽ ἀπὸ τῶν οἰκιῶν[Refs 5th c.BC+]; similarly of the cause or ground, ἐξ ὧν προηγώνισθε καὶ ἀφ᾽ ὧν εἰκάζω[Refs 5th c.BC+]:— frequently of warriors fighting from chariots, etc., οἱ μὲν ἀφ᾽ ἵππων, οἱ δ᾽ ἀ. νηῶν.. μάχοντο[Refs 8th c.BC+]; λαμπὰς ἔσται ἀφ᾽ ἵππων on horseback, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀμμάτων ἄπο.. κατέσταζον γένυν, of tears, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.2 of Position, away from, far from, μένων ἀ. ἧς ἀλόχοιο[Refs 8th c.BC+] to live apart from a man or husband, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀπ᾽ ὀφθαλμῶν, ἀπ᾽ οὔατος, far from sight or hearing, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; σπεύδειν ἀ. ῥυτῆρος far from, i.e. without using the rein, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; in measurement of distances, ὅσον ιέ στάδια ἀ. Φυλῆς[Refs 5th c.BC+]; but later the numeral follows ἀ., πηγὰς ἔχων ἀ. μ σταδίων τῆς θαλάσσης[Refs 1st c.BC+]; κατεστρατοπέδευσεν ἀ. ν σταδίων fifty stades away, [Refs 1st c.AD+]
A.I.3 of the mind, ἀ. θυμοῦ away from, i. e. alien from, my heart, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν ἀ. τρόπου not without reason, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐκ ἀ. σκοποῦ, καιροῦ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.4 in pregnant sense, with Verbs of rest, previous motion being implied (compare ἐκ), ἀνὰ δ᾽ ἐβόασεν.. ἀ. πέτρας σταθείς[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ.τῆς ἐμῆς κεφαλῆς τὴν [ἐκείνου] κεφαλὴν ἀναδήσω, i. e. taking the chaplet off my head, and placing it on his, [Refs 5th c.BC+] is more common, ἁψαμένη βρόχον ἀ. μελάθρου[Refs 8th c.BC+]
A.I.5 with the Article, where the sense of motion often disappears, οἱ ἀ. τῶν οἰκιῶν φεύγουσιν, i.e. οἱ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις φεύγουσιν ἀπ᾽ αὐτῶν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ ἀ. τῶν πύργων.. ἐπαρήξουσι[Refs 5th c.BC+]; αἱ ἵπποι αἱ ἀ. τοῦ ἅρματος variant in [Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.6 partitive, λαχὼν ἀ. ληΐδος αἶσαν part taken from the booty, a share of it, [Refs 8th c.BC+]
A.I.7 in Mathematics texts, of figures described upon a base, κῶνον ἀναγράφειν ἀ. κύκλου[Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τὸ ἀ. τῆς AB τετράγωνον the square on AB, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; εἴδεα ἀ... [Refs 3rd c.BC+]
A.I.8 ἀ. ἀνθρώπου ἕως γυναικός man and woman, [LXX]; ἀ. ἀρσενικοῦ ἕως θηλυκοῦ [prev. work] LXX.Num.5.3.
A.I.9 from being, instead of, ἀθανάταν ἀ. θνατᾶς.. ἐποίησας Βερενίκαν[Refs 3rd c.BC+]
A.I.10 privative, free from, without, ἀ. πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας[Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἀ. ζημίας[Refs 3rd c.AD+]
A.II OF TIME, from, after, [Refs 8th c.BC+] rising up from, i.e. after,[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. δείπνου εἶναι or γενέσθαι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in narrative, τὸ ἀ. τούτου or το̄δε, from this point onwards, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; more often ἀπ᾽ or ἀφ᾽ οὗ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; εὐθὺς ἀ. παλαιοῦ, ἀ. τοῦ πάνυ ἀρχαίου, of olden time, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀφ᾽ ἑσπέρας from the beginning of evening, i.e. at eventide, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. πρώτου ὕπνου[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπ᾽ ἀγροῦ fresh from field-work, [NT+5th c.BC+]; χρονίζειν ἀ. τοῦ καιροῦ tarry beyond the time, [LXX]; ἀ. τέλους ἐννέα μηνῶν at the end of..,[Refs 1st c.AD+]; οἱ ἀ. ὑπατείας, = consulares, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; but ἀ. τινος the freedman of.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
A.III OF ORIGIN, CAUSE, etc.:
A.III.1 of that from which one is born, οὐ γὰρ ἀ. δρυός ἐσσι οὐδ᾽ ἀ. πέτρης not sprung from oak or rock, [Refs 8th c.BC+] immediate, descent, τοὺς μὲν ἀ. θεῶν, τοὺς δ᾽ ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν γεγονότας[Refs 5th c.BC+]; τρίτος ἀ. Διός third in descent from Zeus, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ ἀ. γένους τινός his descendants, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: of the place one springs from, ἵπποι.. ποταμοῦ ἄπο Σελλήεντος[Refs 8th c.BC+]
A.III.1.b metaphorically of things, Χαρίτων ἄπο κάλλος ἔχουσαι[Refs 8th c.BC+]; θεῶν ἄπο μήδεα εἰδώς[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ ἀ. τῶν πολεμίων φόβος fear inspired by the enemy, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III.1.c of persons, οἱ ἀ. τῆς χώρας, τῆς πόλεως, country folk, townsfolk, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; and so of connexion with the founder or leader of a sect, οἱ ἀ. Πυθαγόρου[Refs 1st c.AD+]; οἱ ἀ. τοῦ περιπάτου, ἀ. τῆς Στοᾶς, etc., [Refs 2nd c.AD+] stage players, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; ὁ ἀφ᾽ ἑστίας παῖς, see at ἑστί; ἀπ᾽ ἐξωμίδος with only an ἐξωμίς, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
A.III.2 of the material from or of which a thing is made, εἵματα ἀ. ξύλου πεποιημένα[NT+5th c.BC+] of or weighing [Refs 4th c.BC+]; κρᾶσις ἀ. τε τῆς ἡδονῆς συγκεκραμένη καὶ ἀ. τῆς λύπης[Refs 5th c.BC+]; so, by an extension of this use, εἰδεχθής τις ἀ. τοῦ προσώπου ugly of countenance, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.III.3 of the instrument from or by which a thing is done, τοὺς.. πέφνεν ἀπ᾽ ἀργυρέοιο βιοῖο by arrow shot from silver bow, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; γυμνάζεσθαι ἀ. σκελῶν, χειρῶν, τραχήλου, [LXX+5th c.BC+]
A.III.4 of the person from whom an act comes, i.e. by whom it is done, οὐδὲν μέγα ἔργον ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο[Refs 5th c.BC+]; so τἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ, τἀπὸ σοῦ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in later Greek frequently of the direct agent, [NT+2nd c.BC+]; in codices this may sometimes be due to confusion with ὑπό, but[Refs 1st c.AD+]
A.III.5 of the source from which life, power, etc., are sustained, ζῆν ἀπ᾽ ὕλης ἀγρίης[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. κτήνεων καὶ ἰχθύων[Refs 5th c.BC+]quaestum corpore facere, [Refs 1st c.AD+]
A.III.6 of the cause, means, or occasion from, by, or because of which a thing is done, ἀ. τούτου κριοπρόσωπον τὤγαλμα τοῦ Διὸς ποιεῦσι[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τινος ἐπαινεῖσθαι, θαυμάζεσθαι, ὠφελεῖσθαι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τοῦ πάθους in consequence of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τρόπαιον ἀ. τινος εἱστήκει on occasion of his defeat, [Refs]; τλήμων οὖσ᾽ ἀπ᾽ εὐτόλμου φρενός[Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀ. δικαιοσύνης by reason of it (variant forὑπό), [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τῶν αὐτῶν λημμάτων on the same scale of profits, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; for ὅσον ἀ. βοῆς ἕνεκα, see at ἕνεκα: hence in half adverbial usages, ἀ. σπουδῆς in earnest, eagerly, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀ. τοῦἴσου, ἀ. τῆς ἴσης, or ἀπ᾽ ἴσης, equally, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τοῦ εὐθέος straightforwardly, [Refs]; ἀ. τοῦ αὐτομάτου of free-will, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. γλώσσης by word of mouth, [Refs 5th c.BC+] (but also, from hearsay, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπ᾽ ὄψεως at sight, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. χειρὸς λογίζεσθαι on your fingers, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀμμάτων ἄπο in the public gaze, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τριηράρχους αἱρεῖσθαι ἀ. τῆς οὐσίας Canon Laws texts cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀφ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ from oneself, on one's own account, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. συνθήματος, ἀ. παραγγέλματος, by agreement, by word of command, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. σάλπιγγος by sound of trumpet, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπίτροπος ἀ. τῶν λόγων, = Latin procurator a rationibus, Ann.epigram.[Refs 2nd c.AD+]
A.III.7 of the object spoken of, τὰ ἀ. τῆς νήσου οἰκότα ἐστί the things told from or of the island.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]
B in [Refs 4th c.AD+]; ἀπὺ τᾷ ζᾷ[Refs]
B.2 in later Greek ἀπό is found with accusative, [Refs 4th c.AD+]
C in [Refs 8th c.BC+] frequent with Verbs in tmesi, as [Refs 8th c.BC+]
D IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
D.1 asunder, as ἀποκόπτω, ἀπολύω, ἀποτέμνω: and hence, away, off, as ἀποβάλλω, ἀποβαίν; denoting, remoual of an accusation, as ἀπολογέομαι, ἀποψηφίζομαι.
D.2 finishing off, completing, ἀπεργάζομαι, ἀπανδρόω, ἀπανθρωπίζω, ἀπογλαυκόω.
D.3 ceasing from, leaving off, as ἀπαλγέω, ἀποκηδεύω, ἀπολοφύρομαι, ἀποζέω, ἀπανθίζω, ἀφυβρίζω.
D.4 back again, as ἀποδίδωμι, ἀπολαμβάνω, ἀπόπλους: also, in full, or what is one's own, as ἀπέχω, ἀπολαμβάνω: frequently it only strengthens the sense of the simple.
D.5 by way of abuse, as in ἀποκαλέω.
D.6 almost =ἀ- privative; sometimes with Verbs, as ἀπαυδάω, ἀπαγορεύ; more frequently with Adjectives, as ἀποχρήματος, ἀπότιμος, ἀπόσιτος, ἀπόφονος.
E ἄπο, by anastrophe for ἀπό, when it follows its Noun, as ὀμμάτων ἄπο[Refs 5th c.BC+]; never in Prose.
E.2 ἄπο for ἄπεστι, [Refs 7th c.BC+] Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0