Библейское слово «αἰτία» в греческих словарях

αἰτία, ион. αἰτίη ἡ

1) причина: δι᾽ ἣν αἰτίην; Her. по какой причине?; τοιαύτη ἢ ὅτι ἐγγύτατα τούτων αἰτίᾳ Thuc. по этой или почти по этой причине; κοινοῦ ἀγαθοῦ αἰτίᾳ Thuc. ради общего блага; τίν᾽ αἰτίαν ἔχων; Eur. побуждаемый какой причиной …?, по какой причине …?; αἱ ἐξ ἀρχῆς αἰτίαι Arst. первоначальные причины;

2) основание, повод: αἰτίαν τινὸς ἐμβάλλειν Pind. или παρέχειν Luc. давать повод к чему-л.; ἡ ~ τίς ἀνθ᾽ ὅτου; Eur. на каком основании?; αἰτίαν ἔχειν διαφέρειν περί τινος Plat. иметь основание выделяться, т._е. заслуженно считаться знатоком в чём-л.;

3) обвинение: ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι или γίγνεσθαί τινος Xen. и αἰτίαν ἔχειν τινός Her., Aesch., Eur. быть обвиняемым в чём-л.; αἰτίαν ἔχειν ὑπό и πρός τινος Aesch., Soph., Thuc., Plat. быть обвиняемым кем-л.; τῆς αἰτίας τινὰ ἀπολύειν Aeschin. или ἀφιέναι Lys. снять с кого-л. обвинение; ~ ἔχει τινά Her. обвинение падает на кого-л.

αἰτία, -ας, ἡ,
[in LXX: Gen.4:13 (עָוֹן), Pro.28:17 (עָשַׁק), and frequently in Wi, II, III Mac ;]
1. cause, reason, occasion, case: Mat.19:3, Luk.8:47, Act.10:21; 22:24; 28:20, 2Ti.1:6, 12, Tit.1:13, Heb.2:11 ; εἰ οὕτως ἐστιν ἡ αἰ. (cf. Lat. si ita res se habet, and see MM. VGT, see word), Mat.19:10
2. In forensic sense,
(a) accusation: Act.25:18, 27;
(b) cause for punishment, crime: Mat.27:37, Mrk.15:26, Jhn.18:38; 19:4, 6, Act.13:28; 23:28; 28:18.
† SYN.: ἔλεγχος, a charge, whether moral or judicial, which has been proven, αἰ. is an accusation simply, false or true. (AS) Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0

αἰτί-α, ἡ,
responsibility, mostly in bad sense, guilt, blame, or the imputation thereof, i.e. accusation, first in [Refs 8th c.BC+] —Phrases: αἰτίαν ἔχειν bear responsibility for, τινός[Refs 5th c.BC+]; but usually to be accused, τινός of a crime, φόνου[Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; followed by ὡς.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; by ὡς with participle, [Refs]; ὑπό τινος by some one, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι or γίγνεσθαι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; αἰτίαν ὑπέχειν lie under a charge, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λαβεῖν ἀπό τινος[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν αἰτίῃ ἔχειν hold one guilty, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπιφέρειν τινί impute the fault to one, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀνατιθέναι, προστιθέναι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπολύειν τινὰ τῆς αἰτίης to acquit of guilt, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2 in forensic oratory, invective without proof (opposed to ἔλεγχος), [Refs 4th c.BC+]
3 in good sense, εἰ.. εὖ πράξαιμεν, αἰτία θεοῦ the credit is his, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ὅντινα αἰτίαν ἔχουσιν Ἀθηναῖοι βελτίους γεγονέναι are reputed to have become better, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὧν.. πέρι αἰτίαν ἔχεις διαφέρειν in which you are reputed to excel, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἳ.. ἔχουσι ταύτην τὴν αἰ. who have this reputation, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
4 expostulation, μὴ ἐπ᾽ ἔχθρᾳ τὸ πλέον ἢ αἰτίᾳ[Refs 5th c.BC+]
II cause, δι᾽ ἣν αἰτίην ἐπολέμησαν[Refs 5th c.BC+] αἰτιάζομαι, etc.; on the four causes of [Refs 5th c.BC+] — _dative_ αἰτίᾳ for the sake of, κοινοῦ τινος ἀγαθοῦ[Refs 5th c.BC+] in the sense of cause, not in that of accusation.
III occasion, motive, αἰτίαν ῥοαῖσι Μοισᾶν ἐνέβαλε gave them a the me for song, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV head, category under which a thing comes, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
V case in dispute, ἡ αἰ. τοῦ ἀνθρώπου μετὰ τῆς γυναικός[NT] Источник: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0