πᾰτήρ, ὁ,
genitive and
dative πατέρος, πατέρι in
Epic dialect and Lyric poetry,
Attic dialect πατρός, πατρί (which is also the commoner form in [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
accusative always πατέρ;
vocative πάτερ:
plural πατέρες, πατέρας, πατέρων (πατρῶν only [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
dative πατράσι [ᾰ] (cf. Sanskrit
locative plural pitṛ[snull]u, no
dative plural occurs in [
Refs 8th c.BC+], late
Epic dialect πατέρεσσι [
Refs 4th c.AD+]:—
father, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; πατρὸς πατήρ
grandfather,[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὰ πρὸς πατρός
by the father's side, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.; especially of God, the
father of the Israelites, [
LXX];
father of men, [
NT];
father of Jesus Christ, [
Refs]
II especially as epithet of Zeus, πατὴρ Ζεύς, π. Κρονίδης, π. ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; Ζεὺς π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. Οὐρανιδᾶν Ζ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III respectful mode of addressing persons older than oneself, ξεὶνε πάτερ [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc.; in addressing an elder brother, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
IV metaphorically,
father, author, ἀοιδᾶν π... εὐαίνητος Ὀρφεύς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Χρόνος ὁ πάντων π. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῦ λόγου π. [
Refs]; ὁ π. τῶν φώτων, i.e. God, the
father of the stars, [
NT]; οἱ π. τῶν ἀτόμων the
authors of the atomic theory, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of capital, τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκγόνους τόκους [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
V title of a grade in the mysteries of Mithras, [
Refs]
VI π. πατρίδος, = Latin
pater patriae, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
VII in
plural,
VII.1 forefathers, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐξέτι πατρῶν
from our fathers' time, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
VII.2 parents, [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
VII.3 parentnation, opposed to colonists, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]. (Cf. Sanskrit
pitár-, Latin
pater, etc.)
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0