γίγνομαι,
Ionic dialect and after [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
γίνομαι [ῑ], (
Attic dialect Inscrr. have γιγν- in fifth and fourth cententury,[
Refs]; Thess.
γίνυμαι [
Refs];
Boeotian dialect γίνιουμαι [
Refs]
future γενήσομαι:
aorist ἐγενόμην (ἐγενάμην [
LXX] (προ-) Decrees Byzantine cited in [
Refs 4th c.BC+],
Ionic dialect 2nd pers. singular γένευ [
Refs 8th c.BC+],
3rd.pers. singular γενέσκετο [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
Epic dialect γέντο [
Refs 8th c.BC+] (gṇ-το):
perfect γέγονα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:
3rd.pers. plural γέγοναν [
NT]:
pluperfect ἐγεγόνει [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
Ionic dialect ἐγεγόνεε [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
Epic dialect forms (as if from
perfect γέγᾰα),
2nd pers. plural γεγάᾱτε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
pluperfect ἐκ-γεγάτην [ᾰ] [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
infinitive γεγάμεν [ᾰ] [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
participle γεγᾰώς -ᾰυῖα,
plural -ᾰῶτες, -ᾰυῖαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+],
contraction γεγώς, -ῶσα [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
infinitive γεγᾱκειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
middle forms ἐκγεγάασθε epigram [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:—
passive forms,
future γενηθήσομαι (only in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
aorist ἐγενήθην [
Refs 5th c.BC+], later
Attic dialect, [
Refs 4th c.BC+] and Hellenistic Gk., [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]:
perfect γεγένημαι [
Refs 4th c.BC+], frequently in
Attic dialect Poets and Prose, in
Attic dialect inscription first in 4th C, [
Refs]:
3rd.pers. plural γεγενέανται [
Refs 4th c.BC+]:
pluperfect ἐγεγένητο [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare γείνομαι:—
come into a new state of being: hence,
I absolutely,
come into being opposed to εἶναι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; and so,
I.1 of persons,
to be born, νέον γεγαώς new
born, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑπὸ Τμώλῳ γεγαῶτας
born (and so
living) under Tmolus, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; γιγνομέναισι λάχη τάδ᾽.. ἐκράνθη
at our birth, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; γεγονέναι κακῶς, καλῶς, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κάλλιον, εὖ, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι not
to have been born, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ ὑπὲρ τὰ στρατεύσιμα ἔτη γεγονότες
those of an age beyond.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: rarely with ordinals, ὀγδοηκοστὸν ἔτος γεγονώς [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
I.2 of things,
to be produced, ὅσα φύλλα καὶ ἄνθεα γίγνεται ὥρῃ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; opposed to ὄλλυσθαι, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to ἀπόλλυσθαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἀπολείπειν, [
Refs 4th c.BC+] Apoll.7; opposed to ἀπολήγειν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of profits, καρποὶ οἱ ἐξ ἀγελῶν γ. [
Refs]; τὰ ἆθλα ἀπὸ τεττάρων ταλάντων ἐγένοντο
were the produce of, i.e.
were worth, [
Refs]; τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων γενόμενον ἀργύριον
produced by [the ransom of].., [
Refs]; of sums, ὁ γεγονὼς ἀριθμὸς τῶν ψήφων the
total of the votes, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] staters
amount to [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; so in in Mathematics texts, of
products, ὁ ἐξ αὐτῶν γενόμενος ἀριθμός [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἀριθμὸς γενόμενος ἑκατοντάκις
multiplied[
Refs 3rd c.AD+]; of times of day, ὡς ἡ ἡμέρα ἐγένετο [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Time in general,
elapse, διέτης χρόνος ἐγεγόνεε ταῦτα πρήσσουσι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2.b falldue, οἱ γιγνόμενοι δασμοί [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ τίμημα τὸ γ., τὸ γ. ἀργύριον, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: with
dative, τὸ γ. τινὶ ἔλαιον [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τοῖς γείτοσι τὸ γ. [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
dues, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
regular, normal, τίμημα, χάρις, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐν ταῖς γ. ἡμέραις in the
usual number of days, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently in later Gk., as [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
I.3 of events,
take place, come to pass, and in past tenses
to be, καί σφιν ἄχος κατὰ θυμὸν ἐγίγνετο [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὰ Ὀλύμπια γίγνεται, τραγῳδοὶ γίγνονται,
are held, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ψήφισμα γ.
is passed, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πιστὰ γ., ὅρκοι γ., pledges
are given, oaths
taken,[
Refs 4th c.BC+]; γίγνεταί τι ὑπό τινος (
masculine), [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὃ μὴ γένοιτο which
God forbid, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; but γένοιτο, = [
LXX]; γένοιτο γένοιτο[
LXX]
suppose it done, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
it is done, [
NT]
participle, γίγνεταί τί μοι βουλομένῳ, ἀσμένῳ (see. βούλομαι, ἄσμενος); οὐκ ἂν ἐμοί γε ἐλπομένῳ τὰ γένοιτο, i.e. I could not hope to see these things
take place, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc.; of sacrifices, omens, etc., οὐ γάρ σφι ἐγίνετο τὰ σφάγια χρηστά[
Refs 5th c.BC+].
were favourable, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
participle, τὸ γενόμενον
the event, the fact, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ γενόμενα
the facts, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ γεγενημένα
the past, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ γενησόμενον
the future, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ γεγονότα, opposed to ὄντα, μέλλοντα, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but in
perfect and
pluperfect,
to have passed, ὡς διετὴς χρόνος ἐγεγόνεε [
Refs 5th c.BC+]..
it happened, came to pass that.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐγένετο, ὡς ἤκουσεν.. καὶ ἐθυμώθη
it came to pass, when he heard.. that.., [
LXX+NT]
infinitive, γίνεται εὑρεῖν
it is possible to find, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐγένετο, with
accusative et
infinitive,
it came to pass that, [
NT+2nd c.AD+]: with
dative et
infinitive, ἐάν σοι γένηται στραφῆναι [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
II followed by a Predicate,
come into a certain state,
become, and (in past tenses),
to be,
II.1 followed by Nouns and
adjectives, δηΐοισι δὲ χάρμα γ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; πάντα δὲ γιγνόμενος πειρήσεται
turning every way, [
Refs]; παντοῖος γ., followed by μή, with
infinitive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
participle, μὴ προδοὺς ἡμᾶς γένῃ, i.e. προδότης ἡμῶν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
; what
am I to become, i.e. what is to become of me? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.1.b in past tenses,
having ceased to be, ὁ γενόμενος στρατηγός the
ex-strategus, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; ἡ γ. γυνή τινος the
former wife, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
II.2 with
adverbs, κακῶς χρῆν Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; εὖ, καλῶς, ἡδέως γ.,
it goes well, etc., [
LXX+5th c.BC+]; with personal construction, οἱ παρὰ Πλάτωνι δειπνήσαντες ἐς αὔριον ἡδέως γίγνονται [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; δίχα γ. τοῦ σώματος
to be parted from.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τριχῇ γ.
to be in three divisions, [
Refs]; γ. ἐμποδών, ἐκποδών, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3 followed by oblique cases of Nouns,
II.3.a with
genitive, γ. τῶν δικαστέων, τῶν γεραιτέρων,
become one of.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
fall to, belong to, ἡ νίκη Ἀγησιλάου ἐγεγένητο [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
to be under control of, ὁ νοῦς ὅταν αὑτοῦ γένηται [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: of things,
to be at, i.e.
cost, so much, αἱ τριχίδες εἰ γενοίαθ᾽ ἑκατὸν τοὐβολοῦ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.3.b with
dative,
fall to, i. e. as wife, [
LXX]
II.3.c with Preps., γ. ἀπὸ δείπνου, ἐκ θυσίας,
have done.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολὺν χρόνον γ. ἀπό τινος
to be separated from.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. εἴς τι
turn into, τὸ κακὸν γ. εἰς ἀγαθόν [
LXX+6th c.BC+]; εἰς βρῶσιν[
LXX]; εἰς οὐδέν, εἰς κενόν, [
NT+8th c.BC+] even without
preposition, ἐμὲ χρεὼ γ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; γ. τι εἴς τινα
comes to him, of a dowry, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; of a ward, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν τινι
to be out of sight, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐξ ἀνθρώπων γ.
disappear from.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. ἐν..,
to be engaged in.., οἱ ἐν ποιήσει γινόμενοι in poetry, [
Refs]; ἐν [πολέμῳ] [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν ὀργῇ, ἐν αἰτίᾳ πρός τινα γ., [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; of things, ἐν καιρῷ γ.
to be in season, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. διὰ γηλόφων, of a road, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but δι᾽ ἔχθρας γ. τινί
to be at enmity with, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. ἐπὶ ποταμῷ
arrive or
be at.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. ἐπί τινι
fall into or
be in one's power, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. ἐπί τινι, also,
to be set over.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. ἐφ᾽ ἡμῶν αὐτῶν
to be alone, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; γ. ἐπ᾽ ἐλπίδος
to be in hope, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
to be multiplied into a number, [
Refs]; γ. κατά τινα or τι
to be near.. or
opposite to.., in battle, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but κατὰ ξυστάσεις γ.
to be formed into groups, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; καθ᾽ αὑτοὺς γ.
to be alone, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; γ. μετὰ τοῦ θείου
to be with God, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. παρ᾽ ἀμφοτέροις τοῖς πράγμασι
to be present on both sides, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. παρά τι
to depend upon.., [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; γ. περὶ τὸ συμβουλεύειν
to be engaged in.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γενοῦ πρός τινα
go to So-and-so, [
Refs]; γ. πρὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ
to be at or
near.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. πρός τινι
to be engaged in.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτὸς πρὸς αὑτῷ
meditate, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γενέσθαι πρός τινων
to be inclined towards them, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. πρὸ ὁδοῦ
to be forward on the way, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; γ. ὑπό τινι
to be subject to.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γ. ὑπὸ ταῖς μηχαναῖς
to be under the protection of.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.4 γίγνεται followed by
plural nouns, ἵνα γίγνηται.. ἀρχαί τε καὶ γάμοι [
NT+5th c.BC+]. (Cf.
jánati 'procreate',
jánas (=γένος), Latin
gigno,
gnatus.)
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
