οὐρανός, -οῦ, ὁ,
[in LXX chiefly for שָׁמַיִם (hence, often pl., οἱ οὐ., see infr.) ;]
heaven;
1.
of the vault or firmament of heaven, the sky and the aerial regions above the earth: opposite to ἡ γῆ,
Heb.1:10,
2Pe.3:5, 10; ὁ οὐ. καὶ ἡ γῆ, i.e. the world, the universe,
Mat.5:18,
Mrk.13:31,
Luk.10:21,
Act.4:24,
Rev.10:6, al.; ἀπ᾽ ἄκρων οὐ. ἕως ἄ. αὐτῶν (on the absence of art. aft. prep., see Bl, §46, 5),
Mat.24:31 ὑπὸ τὸν οὐ.,
Act.2:5,
Col.1:23; ὑψωθῆναι ἕως τοῦ οὐ., figuratively,
Mat.11:23,
Luk.10:15; σημεῖον ἐκ τοῦ οὐ.,
Mat.16:1,
Mrk.8:11, al.; αἱ νεφέλαι,
Mat.24:30, al.; τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐ.,
Mat.6:26,
Mrk.4:32, al.; οἱ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐ.,
Rev.6:13, al.; pl. (οἱ) οὐ. (Bl., §32, 5),
Mat.3:16,
Mrk.1:10,
Jhn.1:32,
2Pe.3:7, 13 al.
2.
Of the abode of God and other blessed beings: of angels,
Mat.24:36,
Mrk.12:25,
Gal.1:8,
Rev.10:1, al.; of Christ glorified, Mrk.16:[19],
Luk.24:51,
Act.3:21,
Rom.10:6, al.; of God,
Mat.5:34,
Rom.1:18, al.; ὁ Πατὴρ ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐ. (Dalman,
Words, 184ff.),
Mat.5:16;
6:1, al.; θησαυρὸς ἐν οὐ.,
Mat.6:20,
Mrk.10:21, al.
3. By meton.,
(a)
of the inhabitants of heaven:
Rev.18:20 (cf.
Rev.12:12,
Job.15:15,
Isa.44:23);
(b) as an evasive reference to God, characteristic of later Judaism (Dalman,
Words, 204ff.):
Mat.21:25,
Mrk.11:30,
Luk.15:18,
Jhn.3:27, al.; ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐ. (= τοῦ Θεοῦ); see: βασιλεία).
βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ
(βασιλεύω), [in LXX chiefly for מַמְלָכָה ,מַלְכוּת ;]
1. prop. abstract,
sovereignty, royal power, dominion:
Luk.1:33;
22:29,
Jhn.18:36,
Act.1:6,
Heb.1:8,
1Co.15:24; λαβεῖν β.,
Luk.19:12, 15 Rev.17:12; δοῦναι τὴν, ib. 17; ἔχειν β., ib. 18; ἔρχεσθαι ἐν τ. (εἰς τὴν) β.,
Mat.16:28,
Luk.23:42; β. τ. θεοῦ,
Rev.12:10 2. By meton., concrete (MM,
Exp., x),
(a)
a kingdom, the territory or people over whom the king rules (
Est.5:3, al.):
Mat.4:8;
12:25, 26;
24:7,
Mrk.3:24;
6:23,
Luk.4:5,
Heb.11:33, al.;
(b)
the royal majesty (cf. our phrase
His Majesty),
the king himself (τ. σπέρμα τῆς β.,
2Ki.11:1).
3. In LXX (
Wis.6:5,
Tob.13:1, al.), Targ. and NT, of the Messianic rule and kingdom, ἡ β. τ. θεοῦ, τ. οὐρανῶν (Heb. מַלְכוּת שָׁמַיִם, Aram. מַלְכוּתָא דִשׁמַיָּא; see Dalman,
Words, 91-147; Cremer, 132, 658),
the kingdom of God (on the equivalence of the two phrases, see Dalman,
op. cit., 93, 218f.); τ. θεοῦ,
Mat.6:33;
12:28, al.; τ. οὐρανῶν,
Mat.3:2;
4:17, al.; τ. Χριστοῦ (מַלִכוּת דִמְשִׁיחא, Targ. Jon. on
Isa.53:10),
Eph.5:5; τ. κυρίου,
2Pe.1:11,
Rev.11:15; τ. Δαυείδ,
Mrk.11:10 absol., ἡ β.,
Mat.4:23,
Jas.2:5, al. The kingdom is regarded as present:
Mat.11:12,
Luk.17:21,
Rom.14:17, al.; as that which is to be consummated in the future,
Mat.6:10,
Mrk.9:1,
Jhn.3:5,
2Pe.1:11, al. Noteworthy phrases are: ζητεῖν τὴν β.,
Mat.6:33 δέχεσθαι,
Mrk.10:15 κλρονομεῖν,
Mat.25:34 διδόναι,
Luk.12:32; παραλαμβάνειν,
Heb.12:28 αὐτῶν (τοιούτων) εστὶν ἡ β.,
Mat.5:3, 10;
19:14,
Mrk.10:14,
Luk.18:16; διὰ τὴν β.,
Mat.19:12 ἕνεκεν τῆς β.,
Luk.18:29 εὐαγγελίζεσθαι, κηρύσσειν, διαγγέλλειν τὴν β.,
Luk.4:43;
9:2, 60; ἤγγικεν ἡ β.,
Mat.3:2,
Mrk.1:15; κλεῖς τῆς β.,
Mat.16:10 κλείειν τὴν β.,
Mat.23:14 υἱοὶ τῆς β.,
Mat.8:12;
13:38 (cf. Cremer, 132, 658).
\ (AS)
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