νῑκάω,
Ionic dialect νικέω [
NT+4th c.BC+];
Aeolic dialect νίκημι [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; also in
imperfect νίκη conjecture in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
Epic dialect imperfect 1st pers. plural νικάσκομεν [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
future -ήσω, later
-ήσομαι[
Refs 4th c.AD+];
Doric dialect 2nd pers. singular νικαξῇ variant in [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
perfect νενίκηκα, etc.: (νίκη):
I absolutely,
conquer, prevail in battle, in the games, or in any contest, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁ νικήσας the
conqueror,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ νικηθείς the
conquered, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐνίκησα καὶ δεύτερος καὶ τέταρτος ἐγενόμην I
won the first prize [at Olympia], etc., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
present frequently in sense,
to be (or
be proclaimed) conqueror, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; νικᾶν πᾶσι τοῖς κριταῖς or ἑνὶ κριτῇ in their opinion, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολὺ ν.
win a decisive
victory, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
in boxing, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἵππῳ [
Refs 5th c.BC+] he
won all the bouts, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὰ κοῦφα, τὰ μείζοναν., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ναυμαχίαν, μάχας, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
to be conqueror in the Olympian games, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολλοὺς ἀγῶνας οὐ παγκρατίῳ μόνον, κτλ., [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; Ὀλυμπίασι παῖδας στάδιον ν.
conquer in the boys' race in the stadium at Olympia, [
Refs 4th c.BC+] Diog.Cyn. cited in [
Refs 3rd c.AD+]: also in
Attic dialect Inscrr. with
genitive, Λεωντὶς ἀνδρῶν ἐνίκα [
Refs]
win a victory, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ν. τρίποδα
win it, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
I.2 prevail, be superior, μύθοισιν, ἔγχεϊ, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; κάλλει ἐνίκα (i.e. κρητήρ) [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: with
participle, εὐεργετῶν ν. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.3 of opinions, etc., βουλὴ κακὴ νίκησεν the evil counsel
prevailed, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐκ τῆς νικώσης [γνώμης] according to
the prevailing opinion, vote of the majority, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
is carried, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently of orators, νικᾷ.. ὁ κακὸς ἐν πλήθει λέγων [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
it was resolved, with
infinitive, ἐνίκα μὴ ἐκλιπεῖν τὴν πόλιν
it was carried not.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐνίκησε.. λοιμὸν εἰρῆσθαι
it was the prevailing opinion that.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν δημοκρατίᾳ νικᾷ ζῆν
it is preferable.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.4 with
infinitive,
succeed in.., ἐνίκησε σκορπίσαι [
Refs]
I.5 as law-term, ν. τὴν δίκην
win one's cause, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; νικήσεις ἐν τῷ κρίνεσθαί σε [
NT]:—
passive, with
genitive, αἴ κα νικαθῇ τῶν ἐνεχύρων [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; see below 11.
II with
accusative,
conquer, vanquish, Ἕκτορα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; πάντα ν. ἄνδρα.. κακοῖσιν
surpass him in miseries, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λόγον
excels the whole account, [
NT+5th c.BC+]:—
passive, ἔστιν ἃ τῶν ἄθλων δὶς ἕκαστος ἐνικήθη [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: with
participle, ν. ἀλεξόμενός τινα [
Refs]
II.b as law-term [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:—
passive, ἧ δέ κα νικαθῇ [
Refs]; also of objects in dispute, damages, etc.,
recover, [
Refs]:—
passive,
to be assigned, adjudicated, [
Refs]
II.2 generally,
overpower, especially of passions, etc., νόον νίκησε νεοίη [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; βαρεῖαν ἡδονὴν νικᾶτέ με grievous is the pleasure ye
win prevailing over me, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
infinitive, μηδ᾽ ἡ βία σε.. νικησάτω τοσόνδε μισεῖν let not violence
prevail on thee to.., [
Refs]
weighs with me
more than enmity, from the comparable force in νικᾷ, [
Refs]
II.3 passive,
to be vanquished, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
participle νικηθείς (see. above [
Refs]; νικᾶσθαι ὕπνῳ, κέρδεσιν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] with
genitive of comparison,
to be inferior, yield to, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ξείνων νενίκανται θύραι the doors
give way to the guests, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
