ὁράω,
contraction ὁρῶ even in [
Refs 8th c.BC+],
Epic dialect ὁρόω [
Refs], etc.;
Aeolic dialect ὄρημι (which see);
Ionic dialect ὁρέω [
Refs 5th c.BC+],
2nd pers. singular ὁρῇς [
Refs 3rd c.BC+],
3rd.pers. singular ὁρῇ [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
infinitive ὁρῆν [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (but
2nd pers. singular ὁρᾷς [
Refs 7th c.BC+],
3rd.pers. singular ὁρᾷ [
Refs 7th c.BC+];
1st pers. plural ὁρῶμεν [
Refs];
3rd.pers. plural ὁρῶσι (ἐπ-) [
Refs]
infinitive ὁρᾶν[
Refs] (except when found in
Doric dialect, as [
Refs 4th c.BC+];
imperfect 3rd.pers. singular ἑώρη [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. singular ὥρα [
Refs 5th c.BC+],
2nd pers. plural ὡρᾶτε [
Refs]
3rd.pers. plural ὥρων [
Refs];
Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular ὅρα [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
perfect ἑόρᾱκα, a form required by the metre in many passages, as [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; whence ἑόρακα, -άκη ought always to be restored in early
Attic dialect writers, though ἑώρακα was used in later Gr., [
Refs 3rd c.BC+] (ἑώρακε[ν] is probably in [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
imperfect probably comes from ἠ- ϝορ- (with a long form of the augment, compare ἠειδ- (ᾐδ-) in
imperfect of οἶδα, while ἑορ- in the
perfect comes from ϝε-ϝορ-, see below:
Ionic dialect perfect ὁρώρηκα [
Refs 3rd c.BC+];
Doric dialect perfect participle ὡρακυῖα [
Refs 4th c.BC+];
1st pers. singular ὥρακα[
Refs]: an
aorist 1 ἐσορήσαις only
falsa lectio in [
Refs 5th c.AD+] —
middle ὁράομαι,
contraction ὁρῶμαι even in [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
Epic dialect 2nd pers. singular ὅρηαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
imperfect ἑωρώμην, also ὡρώμην (προ-) [
NT],
Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular ὁρᾶτο [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:—
passive,
perfect ἑώραμαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
aorist ἑωράθην only in late Prose, [
Refs 1st c.BC+];
infinitive ὁρᾱθῆναι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
future ὁραθήσομαι [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
adjective ὁρᾱτός, ὁρᾱτέον[
Refs 8th c.BC+]
2nd pers. plural optative ὁρόῳτε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; besides these forms from ὁρα- (ὁρη-) we have
II from root ὀπ- (see. ὄψ) the only
future in use, ὄψομαι, always in
active sense, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], and
Attic dialect,
Epic dialect 2nd pers. singular ὄψεαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
aorist 1 ἐπ-όψατο in [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
subjunctive ὄψησθε [
NT]:
perfect ὄπωπα [
Refs 8th c.BC+], never in
Attic dialect Prose:
pluperfect 3rd.pers. singular ὀπώπει [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀπώπεσαν [
Refs] —
passive,
aorist 1 ὤφθην [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
optative (
Ionic dialect) ὀφθείησαν [
Refs 5th c.BC+];
participle ὀφθείς,
infinitive ὀφθῆναι, [
Refs]:
future ὀφθήσομαι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
perfect ὦμμαι [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; compare ὀπτέον.
III from ϝιδ- are formed
aorist active εἶδον,
infinitive ἰδεῖν:
aorist middle εἰδόμην,
infinitive ἰδέσθαι:
perfect with
present sense οἶδα
I know, infinitive εἰδέναι: verb.
adjective ἰστέος (for these tenses, see at Εἴδω). (ὁρ- probably from ϝορ-, as indicated by the
imperfect and
perfect forms; compare βῶροι (i.e. ϝῶροι), Engl. (
a)ware.)
A0Senses:
A0.I absolutely,
see, look, frequently in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἴς τι or εἴς τινα to or at a thing or person, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:—
middle, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; but ἔς τινα ὁρᾶν
to be of so-and-so's
party, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; εἰς τὴν Ἀττάλου καθαίρεσιν εἶδεν
aimed at.., [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁρόων ἐπ᾽ ἀπείρονα πόντον
looking over the sea, [
Refs]; ὁρᾶν πρός τι
look towards, ἀκρωτήριον τὸ πρὸς Μέγαρα ὁρῶν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὸς πλοῦν ὁρᾷ
looks to sail (i.e. is ready), [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A0.I.2 have sight, opposed to μὴ ὁρᾶν, to be blind, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅσ᾽ ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ᾽ ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind,] my words
shall have eyes, i.e. shall be to the purpose, [
Refs]; ἐν σκότῳ.. οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ᾽, i.e. should be blind, [
Refs]; ἀμβλύτερον ὁ., opposed to ὀξύτερον βλέπειν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ σμικρὸν ὁ.
to be short-
sighted, [
Refs]
A0.I.3 see to,
look to, i.e.
take or
give heed, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁ. εἰς γλῶσσαν.. ἀνδρός
look to,
pay heed to, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]: frequently in
imperative, likeβλέπε, followed by a dependent clause, ὅρα ὅπως.. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅρα εἰ..
see whether.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅρα τί ποιεῖς[
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A0.I.4 ὁρᾷ; ὁρᾶτ;
see'st thou? d'ye see? parenthetically, especially in explanations, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ὁρᾷ; at the beginning of a sentence, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀλλ᾽—ὁρᾷ; but,
do you see.. ?, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐχ ὁρᾷ; ironically, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A0.I.5 with
accusative cognate, likeβλέπω 11,
look so and so, δεινὸν ὁρῶν ὄσσοισι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also ἡδέως ὁρᾶν
look pleasant, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A0.II transitive,
see an object,
behold, perceive, observe, with
accusative, frequently in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
perfect ὄπωπα exclusively in this sense, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν
to see with or
before the eyes, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αἰεὶ τέρμ᾽ ὁρόων always
keeping it
in sight, keeping his eye on it, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁ. τινά
look to (for aid), [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A0.II.b ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο,
poetry for ζῆν, likeβλέπειν, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:— in
middle, φέγγος ὁρᾶσθαι [
Refs]; so ὁρᾶν alone, τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος [
Refs]
A0.II.c followed by a clause, οὐχ ὁράᾳς οἷος..; [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁρᾷς ἡμᾶς, ὅσοι ἐσμέ; [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἥμαρτε; [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A0.II.d with
participle, καπνὸν.. ὁρῶμεν ἀπὸ χθονὸς ἀΐσσοντα
we see it rising, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον
seeing myself thus insulted, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁρῶ σε κρύπτοντα..
see you hiding.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ὁρῶ μ᾽ ἔργον ἐξειργασμένην I
see that I have done, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; rarely in reference to the subject, ὁρῶ μὲν ἐξαμαρτάνων (= ὅτι ἐξαμαρτάνω) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:—so in
middle, ἄνδρα διωκόμενον.. ὁρῶμαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: also with
infinitive, ἑώρων οὐκέτι οἷόν τε εἶναι.. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A0.II.e rarely with
genitive, οὐδεὶς Σωκράτους οὐδὲν ἀσεβὲς.. οὔτε πράττοντος εἶδεν οὔτε λέγοντος ἤκουσεν (where the Constr. is suggested by the use of ἤκουσεν) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A0.II.2 see to, ἴδε πῶμα [
Refs 8th c.BC+];
look out for, provide, τινί τι [
LXX+5th c.BC+]
A0.II.3 the
infinitive is used after an
adjective, δεινὸς ἰδεῖν [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐχθίστου.. ὁρᾶν most hateful
to behold, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:—
middle or
passive, αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαι [
Refs]: with an
adverb, μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν [
Refs 4th c.BC+]: with a
substantive, ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν [
Refs]: with a Verb, πρέπουσι.. ἰδεῖν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A0.II.4 middle is used by Poets like
active, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
middle occurs only in compounds, as προ-ορῶμαι: for the
imperative ἰδοῦ, ἰδού, see at ἰδοῦ.
A0.II.4.b no
passive is used by [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; in
Attic dialect the
passive has the sense
to be seen, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
participle, ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι
was seen in my wretchedness, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
he will prove to be.., [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ ὁρώμενα
all that is seen, things visible, likeτὰ ὁρατά, [
Refs]
A0.III metaphorically, of mental sight,
discern, perceive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I
see by sound, as the saying is, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
A0.IV absolutely,
see visions, ὁ ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶν [
LXX]:—
passive,
appear in a vision, ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα[
LXX]
A0.V interview, ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων you told me to
see the potter about the jars, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
出典: STEPBible.org (Tyndale House, Cambridge), CC BY 4.0
