God did not choose the Jewish people, but Abraham. Abraham was chosen in order to create from him a nation in which the Savior of all nations would be born.
"In your seed all the nations of the earth shall be blessed, because you have obeyed My voice.”" (Ge. 22:18)
"Also your descendants shall be as the dust of the earth; you shall spread abroad to the west and the east, to the north and the south; and in you and in your seed all the families of the earth shall be blessed" (Ge. 28:14)
He even promised to choose priests from all nations:
"“It shall be that I will gather all nations and tongues; and they shall come and see My glory. And I will also take some of them for priests and Levites,” says the LORD" (Isa. 66:18,21)
"“I was sought by those who did not ask for Me; I was found by those who did not seek Me. I said, ‘Here I am, here I am,’ To a nation that was not called by My name" (Isa. 65:1)
God also said that the Jews receive the land not because of their righteousness, but because of the sins of those exiled nations:
"“Do not think in your heart, after the LORD your God has cast them out before you, saying, ‘Because of my righteousness the LORD has brought me in to possess this land’; but it is because of the wickedness of these nations that the LORD is driving them out from before you. It is not because of your righteousness or the uprightness of your heart that you go in to possess their land, but because of the wickedness of these nations that the LORD your God drives them out from before you, and that He may fulfill the word which the LORD swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Therefore understand that the LORD your God is not giving you this good land to possess because of your righteousness, for you are a stiff-necked people" (De. 9:4-6)
If the Jewish people sin in the same way, then God will also expel them:
"Then it shall be, if you by any means forget the LORD your God, and follow other gods, and serve them and worship them, I testify against you this day that you shall surely perish. As the nations which the LORD destroys before you, so you shall perish, because you would not be obedient to the voice of the LORD your God" (De. 8:19-20)
And they ended up doing even worse:
"So Manasseh seduced Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem to do more evil than the nations whom the LORD had destroyed before the children of Israel" (2Ch. 33:9)
"“Your elder sister is Samaria, who dwells with her daughters to the north of you; and your younger sister, who dwells to the south of you, is Sodom and her daughters. You did not walk in their ways nor act according to their abominations; but, as if that were too little, you became more corrupt than they in all your ways" (Eze. 16:46-47)
"They will deal hatefully with you, take away all you have worked for, and leave you naked and bare. The nakedness of your harlotry shall be uncovered, both your lewdness and your harlotry. I will do these things to you because you have gone as a harlot after the Gentiles, because you have become defiled by their idols. You have walked in the way of your sister; therefore I will put her cup in your hand.’ “Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: ‘Because you have forgotten Me and cast Me behind your back, Therefore you shall bear the penalty Of your lewdness and your harlotry.’ ” Then I said concerning her who had grown old in adulteries, ‘Will they commit harlotry with her now, and she with them?’" (Eze. 23:29-31,35,43)
And indeed God took the land from the people of Israel. The Romans even forbade them to enter there.
Before that, the greatest punishment from God for the Jews was 70 years of Babylonian captivity.
2000 years ago the Jewish people did something so terrible that their punishment from God has lasted for almost 2000 years.
Therefore, the Bible (its Old Testament part) is not very beneficial for the Jewish people today to defend their chosenness.
It is indeed common for Protestant pastors to believe in the chosenness of the Jewish people and their exclusive role even today.
In the Orthodox Church we believe that the New Israel is the Church. And if someone wants to be saved, then he should not join the Jewish people, but the Church, in which there is no difference in nationality, social status, male or female gender.